Ethanolamine-assisted low-temperature crystallization of hydroxide nanoparticle ink into transparent and conductive ITO layers

Abstract

Surface modification with ethanolamine was elaborated to reduce crystallization temperature and achieve transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers from a solution processing method.

Flexible transparent electrodes based on metallic micro–nano architectures for perovskite solar cells

“…For example, Romanyuk et al developed a solution-processed ITO thin film by spin-coating ethanolamine-modified ITO nanoparticles on the substrates. 99 The ITO films achieved a conductivity of 43 S cm À1 and more than 90% optical transmittance in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 1100 nm. Nevertheless, the films still need to be annealed at 300 1C, which is inadaptable to the polymer-based flexible substrates.…”

“…95,96 To overcome the high-cost fabrication process, solution-processed TCO thin films were developed by using the sol-gel method or directly depositing TCO nanoparticles. [97][98][99] However, after being deposited by solution-processing, the films still need to be thermally annealed at high temperatures (300-500 1C) to remove organic protective agents and enhance the crystallinity of TCOs. For example, Romanyuk et al developed a solution-processed ITO thin film by spin-coating ethanolamine-modified ITO nanoparticles on the substrates.…”

Inkjet‐Printed Conductive ITO Patterns for Transparent Security Systems

“…[ 3–5 ] In research, many efforts have been devoted to synthesizing ITO films by solution‐based processes such as spray pyrolysis, dip‐coating, spin‐coating, and casting. [ 6–9 ] The use of crystalline nanoparticles (NPs) is also possible for ink‐based techniques since individual ITO NPs were found to have a resistivity as low as 2 × 10 −4 Ω cm. [ 10 ] One practical advantage of ink‐based processes is the possibility of direct patterning of ITO structures, which can be achieved by digital printing of ITO‐containing inks.…”