Ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit peels: Chemical characterization, and antioxidant potentials against free radicals and lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissues

Abstract

The chemical and antioxidant properties of the ethanolic extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit peels were investigated. Dried peels of T. tetraptera fruits were extracted with ethanol. The extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard procedures. GC-MS was used in identifying the secondary metabolites. The antioxidant properties of the extract were determined by its ferric reducing activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals scavenging activities, and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissues of albino male rats. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids and phlebotannin. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of D-fructose, piperazine, octodrine, glycidol, glyceraldehydes, 6-octadecenoic acid and 9,12-octadecenoic acid, with D-fructose being the most predominant compound. The extract exhibited high antioxidant activities both in vitro and ex vivo, as indicated by its ability to scavenge DPPH and nitric oxide as well as inhibition of lipid peroxidation. This is further portrayed by its ferric reducing activity. These results suggest an antioxidant protective effect of the extract against oxidative hepatic damage and can be attributed to a synergetic action of the identified bioactive compounds.

Reduction of anoxia-induced bioenergetic disturbance in astrocytes by methanol fruit extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera and in silico evaluation of the effect of its antioxidative constituents on excitotoxicity

“…Tetrapleura tetraptera has a long history of use for the traditional management of neurological diseases in West Africa. Studies have shown that its biological effects include antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties [ 33 , 61 , 62 ] and also, its anticonvulsive [ 30 , 35 ] and anti-ischemic [ 28 ] properties. Polyphenols in Tetrapleura tetraptera may act synergistically against ischemia/reperfusion injury through abatement of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and neurochemical dysfunctions [ 28 ].…”

“…Its stem, bark, root, leaves, and fruits have various medicinal and nutritional properties [ 30 ]. The medicinal effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera plants have been ascribed to the presence of polyphenol components such as phenols, flavonoids and saponins [ [31] , [32] , [33] ]. The fruit of Tetrapleura tetraptera has been shown to have antihypertensive, anticonvulsive, and cognitive enhancing properties [ [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] ].…”

Antibacterial mechanism of Tetrapleura tetraptera extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and its application in pork

“…Ten grams of T. tetraptera root powder were soaked into 90 ml of absolute ethanol, kept in a shaker (Stuart Scientific Orbital Shaker, Cambridge, UK) with 110 rpm at 37°C for 48 hr (Erukainure et al, ). Suspension was filtered through the Whatman filter paper, and the solvent was evaporated in a rotary evaporator (Laborota 4000 Efficient, Heidolph, Germany).…”

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“…Experimental data also supports the anticonvulsant role of whole T. tetraptera fruit extract or its metabolites (Ojewole 2005;Aderibigbe et al 2007;Adesina et al 2016). Other activities of T. tetraptera include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic, hypokalaemic and central nervous system depressant, among others (Atawodi et al 2011;Lekana-Douki et al 2011;Wahab 2015;Adesina et al 2016;Erukainure et al 2017).…”