Ethanol electrooxidation reaction in alkaline media for direct ethanol fuel cells

Monyoncho, Evans A.; Woo, Tom K.; Baranova, Elena A.

doi:10.1039/9781788013895-00001

Cited by 44 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…In this sense, Fig. 5 shows the chronoamperometric curves for ethanol oxidation at -0.4 V, since it was observed that the region between -0.6 and -0.4 V could give us an idea of the trends (6) Pd CH 3 CO ads + Pd(OH) ads → Pd CH 3 COOH ads + Pd a Peaks of cathodic potentials, E cat (Fig. 4a) b EOR initiation potential, E onset (Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, breaking the ethanol C-C bond is not easy and, consequently, the CO 2 formation is low, and the incomplete reaction leads to the poisoning CO [1,[3][4][5][6] To improve the performance of alcohol fuel cells, it is necessary to use efficient anodic catalysts. Among them, Pt has shown good results in the acid medium [3][4][5][6][7], but it is a noble metal, its cost is high, and its sources of production are scarce. In addition, Pt-based catalysts are easily poisoned by CO, which decreases its efficiency and leads to undesirable intermediates [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to those reasons, fuel cell research is moving towards other metals to replace Pt as an anode. For example, Pd and Pd alloys have been tested as catalysts and have shown promising results [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Research groups have been dedicated to investigating the role of Pd and Pd combined with other metals in the oxidation of various alcohols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Filho

Cruz

Pedicini

et al. 2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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Physical and electrochemical properties of Pd catalysts combined with Ru and Mo on carbon support were investigated. To this end, Pd, Pd1.3Ru1.0, Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0 and Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0 were synthesized on Carbon Vulcan XC72 support by the method of thermal decomposition of polymeric precursors and then physically and electrochemically characterized. The highest reaction yields are obtained for Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C and Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and, as demonstrated by thermal analysis, they also show the smallest metal/carbon ratio compared the other catalysts. XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and Raman analyses show the presence of PdO and RuO2 for the Pd/C and the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C catalysts, respectively, a fact not observed for the Pd3.2Ru1.3 Mo1.0 /C and the Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C catalysts. The catalytic activities were tested for the ethanol oxidation in alkaline medium. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) shows Pd1.3Ru1.0/C exhibiting the highest peak of current density, followed by Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C, Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and Pd/C. From, chronoamperometry (CA), it is possible to observe the lowest rate of poisoning for the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C, followed by Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C, Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and Pd/C. These results suggested that catalytic activity of the binary and the ternary catalysts are improved in comparison with Pd/C. The presence of RuO2 activated the bifunctional mechanism and improved the catalytic activity in the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C catalyst. The addition of Mo in the catalysts enhanced the catalytic activity by the intrinsic mechanism, suggesting a synergistic effect between metals. In summary, we suggest that it is possible to synthesize ternary PdRuMo catalysts supported on Carbon Vulcan XC72, resulting in materials with lower poisoning rates and lower costs than Pd/C. Graphic abstract

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Section: Electrochemical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Filho

Cruz

Pedicini

et al. 2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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“…The presence of ethanol oxidation products in the form of acetaldehyde indicated a C2 pathway of alcohol oxidation in the studied systems. of Ethanol in Strong Alkaline Media Ethanol oxidation is known to proceed through a series of complex reactions involving several sequential and parallel reaction stages, resulting in the formation of more than 40 volatile and adsorbed intermediates and their oxidative derivatives (Monyoncho et al, 2018). Although there are different opinions regarding the adsorbed states of intermediate products and the limiting stage of the process, in general, there is agreement on the existence of two pathways (C1 and C2) of ethanol oxidation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Resistance and Catalytic Activity of Copper in the Process of Electrooxidation of Ethanol in Strong Alkaline Media

Таранцева¹,

Politaeva²,

Таранцев³

et al. 2021

IJTech

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The possibility of using copper (Cu) as a catalyst in nonflowing membraneless alkaline fuel cells was investigated. In the present study, the interface between two immiscible liquids served as a virtual membrane. We studied two immiscible liquid systems: Ethanol+K3PO4+H2O (No. 1 electrolyte) and Ethanol+KOH+H2O (No. 2 electrolyte). Cyclic voltammetry, pulse chronoamperometry, and gas-liquid chromatography were used to study the corrosion resistance and catalytic activity of ethanol oxidation on Cu. Analyses of chromatograms obtained after charging and discharging the fuel cells revealed the presence of ethanol oxidation products, mainly in the form of acetaldehyde, which indicates the predominant mechanism of C2 oxidation of ethanol in the studied system. That is, with the release of two and four electrons during the oxidation of alcohol and the formation of acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Anodic currents of Cu dissolution in No. 1 electrolyte were an order of magnitude lower than in the No. 2 electrolyte. The catalytic activity of Cu during the oxidation of ethyl alcohol EtOH in the electrolyte with potassium hydroxide was at least five times higher than in the electrolyte with potassium phosphates, at almost the same pH values. The surface compounds on the Cu electrode in the first electrolyte were composed mainly of monovalent and bivalent Cu compounds, whereas they were composed of trivalent Cu compounds in the second electrolyte. Thus, the possibility of using Cu as a catalyst for the oxidation of EtOH in alkaline nonflowing membraneless fuel cells has been established. To further increase the catalytic activity of Cu and expand its commercial attractiveness as a catalyst, further research is needed to optimize its composition and structure and create bimetallic and multimetallic Cu-based electrodes, including nanostructured ones.

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“…However, the main problem in this system is the sluggish oxidation kinetics especially at the anode side due to the high activation barrier for cleavage of the CC bonds in ethanol. Therefore, the overall system efficiency is lower than expected 7,8 . Therefore, it is very significant to synthesize a suitable anode catalyst to fasten the ethanol electro‐oxidation reaction (EOR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum compound cocatalyzed Ni‐based anode electrocatalysts for EOR in alkaline media

Kazan

2021

Int J Energy Res

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Summary In this study, Mo2C and MoS2 were used as cocatalyst for a non‐noble metal for the first time for ethanol electro‐oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline media. Anode electrocatalysts containing Nickel, Mo compound, and carbon support were synthesized at different weight ratios of Ni and Mo2C (or MoS2) while keeping the carbon support weight constant in each catalyst combination to investigate the best weight ratio among our range. Physical characterizations of the electrocatalysts were investigated by XRD, XPS, SEM‐EDS, EDAX, and TEM techniques. Electrochemical performance of the catalysts was studied via cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and chronoamperometry (CA) by using a home‐made electrochemical cell test system exhibiting similar alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell (ADEFC) architecture by giving the opportunity of using an anion exchange membrane. All of the Ni‐Mo2C/C and Ni‐MoS2/C at different weight ratios were shown better performance than pristine Ni and Ni/C. The highest current density was measured with Ni‐Mo2C/C‐2 (11.4 mA cm−2) anode catalyst, which exhibits the highest electrochemical reaction rate. The diffusion coefficient of the catalysts was calculated by using the data from linear LSV. CA experiment results showed that the tolerance for catalytic poisoning and durability of Ni‐Mo2C/C‐2 was better among all the electrocatalysts. Highlights Literature survey showed that Mo2C and MoS2 are promising co‐catalysts for EOR. However, there is a lack of study on the use of Mo2C or MoS2 as co‐catalyst with a non‐noble metal. Molybdenum compound containing transition metal‐based anode electro‐catalysts were synthesized for EOR in alkaline media. A home‐made electrochemical cell is designed to make the system more similar to an ADEFC system. The results of the electrochemical characterizations are showed that the Mo compound addition increased the catalytic activity and stability.

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Ethanol electrooxidation reaction in alkaline media for direct ethanol fuel cells

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Chemical Resistance and Catalytic Activity of Copper in the Process of Electrooxidation of Ethanol in Strong Alkaline Media

Molybdenum compound cocatalyzed Ni‐based anode electrocatalysts for EOR in alkaline media

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