Estudo Sazonal do Óleo Essencial de Partes Aéreas de Peperomia galioides Kunth (Piperaceae)

Abstract

Resumo:Objetivou-se realizar um estudo sobre a composição química e a variação sazonal do óleo essencial (OE) de partes aéreas de Peperomia galioides Kunth, coletadas no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os componentes majoritários identificados foram: verão -α-pineno (22,75 ± 0,12 %) e mirceno (18,18 ± 0,03 %); outono -trans-cariofileno (22,37 ± 0,11 %) e epi-α-bisabolol (9,12 ± 0,12 %); inverno -trans-cariofileno (12,96 ± 1,01 %) e epi-α-bisabolol (11,11 ± 0,76 %); primavera -trans-cariofileno (16,25 ± 0,15 %) e epi-α-bisabolol (18,46 ± 0,32 %). Os resultados demonstram elevada correlação de Pearson diretamente proporcional com a temperatura ambiental versus a produção de monoterpenos e rendimentos dos OEs e inversamente proporcional com a temperatura e a produção de sesquiterpenos, principalmente, δ-cadinene, E-nerolidol e epi-α-bisabolol. Ainda, a correlação de Pearson demonstrou correlação entre monoterpenos oxigenados e índice de precipitação pluviométrica. Esse trabalho descreve pela primeira vez o perfil químico e sazonalidade do OE das partes aéreas de P. galioides coletadas na Mata Atlântica brasileira, destacando diferenças da composição química ao longo das estações do ano e da descrita na literatura. Palavras-chave:Trans-cariofileno; α-pineno; monoterpeno; sesquiterpeno. AbstractThe aim of this work is the study of the chemical composition and the seasonal variation of the essential oil from aerial parts of Peperomia galioides Kunth, collected at Serra dos Órgãos National Park, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The major components identified were: summer -α-pinene (22.75 ± 0.12 %) and myrcene (18.18 ± 0.03 %); autumn -trans-caryophyllene (22.37 ± 0.11 %) and epi-α-bisabolol (9.12 ± 0.12 %); winter -trans-caryophyllene (12.96 ± 1.01 %) and epi-α-bisabolol (11.11 ± 0.76 %); spring-epi-α-bisabolol (18.46 ± 0.32 %) and trans-caryophyllene (16.25 ± 0.15 %). The results showed high Pearson's correlation directly between temperature and monoterpenes hydrocarbons biosynthesis as well as oils yielding and inversely between temperature and sesquiterpenes biosynthesis, mainly δ-cadinene, E-nerolidol and epi-α-bisabolol. Also Pearson's correlation showed direct correlation between oxygenated monoterpene and precipitation. This work describes for the first time the chemical profile and seasonality of the EO of the aerial parts of P. gallioides collected in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, highlighting differences of the chemical composition between seasons and those described in the literature

New Reduction-Oxidation Indices Applied to Mixtures in the Impact on Seasonal and Circadian Rhythm Studies of The Essential Oil From Leaves of Piper Gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) – A Folk Medicine and Ritualistic Plant

“…The increase in the average monthly precipitation led to an increase in the concentration of oxygenated sesquiterpenes, a result con rmed by the signi cant value found in the correlations (r = -0.828; p = 0.001) (Table 3). The EOs from the aerial parts of Peperomia galioides Kunth (Piperaceae) showed similar increase in the relative percentages of oxygenated sesquiterpenes in the period of greatest precipitation (Ramos and Moreira, 2019). Some works raise the hypothesis that plant species create mechanisms to control the biosynthetic route from the available resources; in this case, high water content in the enviroment in a compensatory way to guarantee homeostasis (Cheng et al 2007; Barros et al 2009; Bergma et al 2019).…”

“…Quanti cation of volatile constituents was obtained by normalizing the peak area with no correction and using an HP-Agilent 6890 GC Series device, coupled to the FID detector, operated under conditions similar to the GC-MS (Oliveira et al 2013;Ramos and Moreira 2019).The retention index (RI) was determined from the retention time of a homologous series of n-alkanes (C 8 -C 20 , Sigma-Aldrich) obtained by GC-FID, under the same conditions of EO analysis. The compounds present in the volatile mixture were identi ed by comparing the fragmentation patterns of the mass spectra with database records (WILEY 7n, NIST) and comparing the calculated RI (Dool and Kratz 1963) with those from literature (Adams, 2017).…”

“…The collected leaves were manually crushed and subjected to hydrodistillation for two hours in a modi ed Clevenger-type apparatus. The EOs were dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate (Na 2 SO 4 , Sigma-Aldrich, Brasil) and the total EO yield was expressed as the percentage value related to fresh plant material (g/ 100 g) (Oliveira et al 2013;Ramos and Moreira 2019;Ramos et al 2020).…”

Piper multinodum C.DC. (Piperaceae) essential oils chemical variation and biological activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

“…After the extraction process was completed, the EO ware recovered and dehydrated with sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 , Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). The EOs were stored in sealed amber flasks under refrigeration at -20ºC until analysis (Oliveira et al, 2013;Ramos and Moreira, 2019).…”

“…The Piper genus is known to be aromatic and the essential oils (EO) obtained from different organs have demonstrated significant biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiproliferative in tumor cells and anti-inflammatory (Moreira et al, 2001;Scott et al, 2008;Oliveira et al, 2013;Salehi et al, 2019;Ramos and Moreira, 2019). This richness of activity is related to the chemical diversity of Piper´s EO, which can be an important tool for chemophenetic and ecological definitions, as well as for new and never studied species, as they help to describe the matrix of secondary metabolites specialized in each taxon (Zidorn, 2019).…”