Estudio &lt;i&gt;in-situ&lt;/i&gt; de la transformación térmica de limonita utilizada como pigmento procedente de Perú

Romero‐Gómez, Pablo; González, J. C.; Bustamante, Ángel; Ruíz-Conde, Antonio; Soto, Pedro J. Sánchez

doi:10.3989/cyv.162013

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…• C related to the decomposition of clays can be identified [45][46][47]. In the DSC curve of environmental conditions (Figure 8a) a second stage was identified between 650 • C and 960 • C corresponding to the wuestite to hematite transformation in accordance with the TDX results [44].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from the Oiola Site (Biscay, Spain) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages

et al. 2020

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The Oiola archeological site, located in the mining complex of La Arboleda (Biscay, North Spain) was an important iron smelting center from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages and even in more current times (19th–20th centuries). Tap-slags and some plano-convex slags were identified as smelting slags. Samples were analyzed by optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron-dispersive spectroscopy and Raman microspectroscopy to perform a mineralogical and textural characterization. Additionally, thermogravimetric and thermodiffraction analyses were carried out to determine furnace operating temperatures. The mineral assemblage reflects furnace temperatures and cooling rates and the addition of quartz as the main flux to decrease the melting temperature of the iron ore. The comparison of slags from the Roman Period and the Middle Age reveals changes in the pyrometallurgical process through time.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from the Oiola Site (Biscay, Spain) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages

et al. 2020

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“…7a). The relatively low weight loss (< 1% of weight) observed between 530 °C to 600 °C related to the decomposition of clays could not be identified [40][41][42]. In the DSC curve of environmental conditions, a second stage was identified corresponding to the reduction of iron ore between 650 °C and 960 °C related to the transformation of hematite into magnetite and magnetite into Fe respectively [41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from Oiola Site (Biscay) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Early Middle Ages

Portillo-Blanco¹,

Zuluaga²,

Ortega³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Oiola archeological site, located in the mining complex of La Arboleda (Biscay, North Spain) was an important iron smelting center from the Roman Period to the Early Middle Ages and even in more current times (19th-20th centuries). Tap-slags and some plano-convex slags were identified as smelting slags. Samples were analyzed by optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron-dispersive spectroscopy and Raman microspectroscopy to perform a mineralogical and textural characterization. Additionally, thermogravimetric and thermodiffraction analyses were carried out to determine furnace operating temperatures. The mineral assemblage reflects furnace cooling rates and temperatures and the addition of quartz as the main flux to decrease the melting temperature of the iron ore. The comparison of slags from the Roman Period and the Early Middle Age allows to observe changes in the pyrometallurgical process through time.

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“…1983; Romero‐Gómez et al . 2013). Finding only hematite by Raman spectroscopy (see the example of TWAZ141‐IAI495 in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric analysis of ceramic production in Tiwanaku state (c.500–1000 ce): An exploratory study

et al. 2020

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The chemical and mineralogical characterization of seven ceramic fragments produced within Tiwanaku state (c.500–1000 ce) is reported. The instrumental techniques used included X‐ray elemental and mineralogical chemical analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning and light microscopy. The results indicate there are several clay types, although they show similarities, such as the use of a plant‐based temper. The red colour of the decoration is hematite, and manganese oxides such as jacobsite are present in the black. The white colour is a mixture of gypsum and clay, and the orange is a mixture of hematite and clay. The use of colours, the quality of the clays and the temperatures reached during pottery firing point to expertise in ceramic production and to complex decision‐making processes. The multi‐elemental archaeometric approach documented here could become an important tool to shed a light on ancient ceramic technology and the internal variance of Tiwanaku pottery.

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Estudio <i>in-situ</i> de la transformación térmica de limonita utilizada como pigmento procedente de Perú

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from the Oiola Site (Biscay, Spain) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from the Oiola Site (Biscay, Spain) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Middle Ages

Mineralogical Characterization of Slags from Oiola Site (Biscay) to Assess the Development in Bloomery Iron Smelting Technology from the Roman Period to the Early Middle Ages

Archaeometric analysis of ceramic production in Tiwanaku state (c.500–1000 ce): An exploratory study

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