Estructuras desplegables de aspas para cubiertas inclinadas

Abstract

La atención a la evacuación del agua de lluvia y a la protección de la estructura ante los agentes meteorológicos ha dado lugar a un conjunto de propuestas de estructuras desplegables de aspas sobre planta rectangular en las que estas estructuras definen limas y faldones de pendiente suficiente. El trabajo parte de la resolución del trazado de estructuras desplegables de aspas planas simétricas y base cuadrangular con directriz quebrada, garantizándose el correcto funcionamiento cinemático mediante la construcción de modelos. Se estudian desplegables con directrices poligonales, curvas compuestas y también combinaciones de curvas y rectas. Se repasan los problemas de estabilización de la solución en el estado desplegado, incorporando la cobertura textil y cables de arriostramiento. Finalmente se desarrollan y analizan geométrica y cinemáticamente una serie de propuestas con superficies de intradós y extradós diferentes y otro grupo de ellas en las que los sentidos de despliegue no siguen los ejes del recinto a cubrir.

A new system of deployable structures with reciprocal linkages for emergency buildings

“…The use of reciprocal linkages in the upper layer makes it possible to develop interesting applications. Figures 11 and 12 show a cylindrical mesh with a polygonal directrix, the pattern of which was resolved recently [29]. This mesh may be opened to the point where the lower bars surpass the prolongation point between them, forming a construction that includes the walls and roof in a single deployable mesh.…”

“…It is also applicable to many other more complex types of meshes, such as gable roof meshes (Figure 13a) and hyperbolic paraboloid meshes (Figure 13b). It can also be applied in other more complex designs, such as those proposed by Freire et al [29]. In all cases, a careful study of the angles between bars is required, since they define the proportions between bar diameter and linkage size.…”

“…It considered the displacements of both points joined to the linkage to be equal, although the bars may turn freely within the plane of the scissor. The calculation for the articulated linkages mesh considered the bars to lack rigidity at their ends, so that the calculation method described in reference [29] was used for them. In the reciprocal linkages models tested, the degree of embedment amounts to 97.25%.…”

Bias deployable grids with horizontal compound scissor-like elements: A geometric study of the folding/deployment process

“…As a result of this work, the bi-stable structures were developed, based on translational units, but which offer a significant improvement in structural behaviour as all the SLEs are load bearing, allow for support around the perimeter and reduce the number of elements to a minimum – only two different bars can be used to build a hipped roof – and resolve rectangular ground plans based on combinations of rectangles, thereby offering significant flexibility. 1,2 This text presents and develops new solutions for biased structures with bi-stable characteristics that provide greater stiffness and limit angular distortions.…”