Estimations of mercury fluxes emitted by Mount Etna Volcano

Dedeurwaerder, H.; Decadt, G.; Baeyens, Willy

doi:10.1007/bf02597729

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fig. 8 demonstrates a general agreement between elemental fluxes estimated in this work and previous assessments (Buat-Ménard and Arnold, 1978;Dedeurwaerder et al, 1982;Quisefit et al, 1982;Bergametti et al, 1984;Martin et al, 1986;Le Guern, 1988;Andres et al, 1993;Gauthier and Le Cloarec, 1998;Aiuppa et al, 2003). For several elements, the 2004-2007 fluxes fall on the lower limit of previous estimates; a trend which is consistent with the results of Gauthier and Le Cloarec (1998), who highlighted great differences in emission rates between eruptive and non-eruptive periods.…”

Section: Etna's Metal Output Into the Atmospheresupporting

confidence: 90%

Atmospheric sources and sinks of volcanogenic elements in a basaltic volcano (Etna, Italy)

Calabrese¹,

Aiuppa²,

Allard³

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Etna's Metal Output Into the Atmospheresupporting

confidence: 90%

Atmospheric sources and sinks of volcanogenic elements in a basaltic volcano (Etna, Italy)

Calabrese¹,

Aiuppa²,

Allard³

et al. 2011

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These results, together with our previous data on Etna (7), confirm that this volcano is a low Hg producer, as previously suggested by us (7,9) and other authors (13,14,19), and in contrast with what has been stated (20). The eruption of 1989 probably determined an enhancement of the atmospheric mercury concentrations, which in a few days returned to the background levels of this area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of environmental mercury levels after the 1989 eruption of Mt. Etna (Sicily)

Barghigiani

Ristori

1991

Environmental Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mercury measurements in atmospheric, vegetation and soil samples from Mt. Etna (Sicily) after the major eruption of October 1989 are reported. For air mercury collection gold amalgamators arranged in series were used and the interference of atmospheric substances with the Au-Hg amalgam was considered. The results show that substances released into the atmosphere during the volcanic activity interfered with air Hg determination. The evaluation of Hg impact on the environment by means of soil and vegetation analyses was also made difficult by phenomena peculiar to the volcanic activity. However, all the environmental abiotic and biotic components studied showed low Hg concentrations, even if the eruption of 1989 probably determined a temporary enhancement of the air mercury levels.

show abstract

“…Such measurements indicate that RGM + Hg p comprise~1-2% of Hg tot at Etna, Sicily (Bagnato et al, 2007) and La Soufrière, Guadeloupe (Bagnato et al, 2009), 2-8% of Hg tot at Masaya, Nicaragua (Witt et al, 2008) and a poorly quantified amount (b20%) of Hg tot at Kīlauea, Hawaiì . Early studies have reported much higher RGM + Hg p , including N60% of Hg tot at Etna (DeDeurwaerder et al, 1982) and 80% of Hg tot at Erebus, Antarctica (McMurtry et al, 1979). The process and extent of Hg deposition has yet to be studied in any detail and remains a key unknown, although is likely influenced by the initial Hg speciation (i.e., Hg tot = GEM + RGM + Hg p ) (von Glasow, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid oxidation of mercury (Hg) at volcanic vents: Insights from high temperature thermodynamic models of Mt Etna's emissions

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A major uncertainty regarding the environmental impacts of volcanic Hg is the extent to which Hg is deposited locally or transported globally. An important control on dispersion and deposition is the oxidation state of Hg compounds: Hg(0) is an inert, insoluble gas, while Hg(II) occurs as reactive gases or in particles, which deposit rapidly and proximally, near the volcanic vent. Using a new high temperature thermodynamic model, we show that although Hg in Etna's magmatic gases is almost entirely Hg(0) (i.e., gaseous elemental mercury), significant quantities of Hg(II) are likely formed at Etna's vents as gaseous HgCl 2 , when magmatic gases are cooled and oxidised by atmospheric gases. These results contrast with an earlier model study and allow us to explain recent measurements of Hg speciation at the crater rim of Etna without invoking rapid (b 1 min) low temperature oxidation processes. We further model Hg speciation for a series of additional magmatic gas compositions. Compared to Etna, Hg(II) production (i.e., Hg(II)/Hg tot ) is enhanced in more HCl-rich magmatic gases, but is independent of the Hg, HBr and HI content of the magmatic gases. Hg(II) production is not strongly influenced by the initial oxidation state of magmatic gases above NNO, although production is hindered in more reduced magmatic gases. The model and results are widely applicable to other open-vent volcanoes and may be used to improve the accuracy of chemical kinetic models for low temperature Hg speciation in volcanic plumes.

show abstract

Estimations of mercury fluxes emitted by Mount Etna Volcano

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Atmospheric sources and sinks of volcanogenic elements in a basaltic volcano (Etna, Italy)

Atmospheric sources and sinks of volcanogenic elements in a basaltic volcano (Etna, Italy)

Evaluation of environmental mercury levels after the 1989 eruption of Mt. Etna (Sicily)

Rapid oxidation of mercury (Hg) at volcanic vents: Insights from high temperature thermodynamic models of Mt Etna's emissions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About