Estimation of world trade for used automobiles

Abstract

In order to provide the basic information for building an international automobile recycling system, this article attempts to estimate the multilateral trade for used automobiles. First, the problems in evaluation of the used automobile trade were clarifi ed through the trade data obtained from the United Nations database (UN-DB) and the Global Trade Information Services database (GTI-DB). Furthermore, we developed an estimation method for the used automobile trade using the highlighted advantages of the UN-DB and GTI-DB. The reasons for employing this estimation method were to correct the systematic errors in both databases and to sample used automobile data from the UN-DB by using the new and used automobile information in the GTI-DB. The world trade volume for used passenger cars in 2005 was estimated by the method developed. These results indicated that total trade volume was 5.65 × 10 6 vehicles, and that the exports from Germany, the United States, and Japan comprise 22%, 21%, and 20% of the global total, respectively. Moreover, the results indicate that these countries export used passenger cars not only to developing countries (54%), but also to developed countries (46%).

Unearthing Potentials for Decarbonizing the U.S. Aluminum Cycle

“…The difference indicates an important gap of the generation and use of obsolete products, e.g., 0.4 Mt in 2006, which could be further explored from two aspects: (i) the stock growth of obsolete products, e.g., uncollected used products in the back yard, which is not yet understood sufficiently; and (ii) the net export of obsolete products, especially second-hand vehicles, which is not tracked by trade statistics. Hence, the fraction of the two unknown flows could not be determined directly, but it was estimated that the U.S. exported 1.21 million old passenger cars in 2005, 31 which is approximately equal to 0.15 Mt aluminum, or 35% of the gap. 24 This is reasonable considering primary production fell by 16% in the U.S. between 2003 and 2006, and most of the process energy data used in that study were from 1995 while data in our model are mostly from 2005 or more recent.…”

Detecting Illegal Intercountry Trade of Mercury Using Discrepancies in Mirrored Trade Data

“…Mercury used in ASGM may be legally imported as a dental amalgam or other mercury-added products mainly from the case studies of Brazil and Zimbabwe and interviews of experts. ,− If the item name is falsely reported as a dental amalgam or other mercury-added product at import customs and correctly reported as mercury at export customs, such illegal intercountry trade can be detected from the discrepancy. Research shows that in the international trade of used cars and engines, the item name as reported by the exporting country, “used cars”, and the item name reported by the importing country, “scraps”, differ so that tariffs are lowered on the import side. , However, if the item name is falsely reported as a dental amalgam or other mercury-added product at both export and import customs, illegal intercountry trade cannot be detected from the discrepancy. The analysis period of the trade data was from 1999 to 2018.…”

Used vehicle global supply chains: perspectives on a direct-import model

“…With regard to secondary data collection, many studies stated that statistical restrictions are a major consideration when attempting to gather useful import and export trading data about used vehicles in many countries (Fuse et al , 2009). Some researchers claimed that the existence of informal used vehicle flows makes it almost impossible to collect reliable used vehicle information from databases or published material (Nieuwenhuis et al , 2007).…”