Abstract. In the last years, implant materials have gained growing importance in all areas of medicine. In the human body, materials may be exposed to high mechanical loads which comprise friction and wear besides multiaxial, multistep fatigue loading. Furthermore, the body electrolyte is very corrosive containing proteins, enzymes and cells besides salts. Basically, the success of an implant depends on the interface which develops between the implant surface and the biosystem and is determined by the surface properties of the implant material. Besides geometrical and morphological characteristics, electrochemical properties are extremely important. Generally, corrosion and fatigue tests on implant materials are performed in physiological salt solutions under strongly simplified (loading) conditions. Concerning the fatigue behaviour, it is hardly known, however, in which way the complex environmental and loading conditions in the human body influence the cyclic deformation and crack growth behaviour.