Estimation of the cost of post-operative nausea and vomiting in an ambulatory surgery center

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting with a small dose of propofol alone and combined with dexamethasone in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study

“…These symptoms predispose to aspiration of gastric contents, wound dehiscence, psychological distress, and delayed recovery and discharge times [1,2]. Patients who experience PONV consume more resources and require additional health care professional time than do those in whom these complications are avoided [5]. Pharmacological approaches, including anticholinergics, antihistamines, phenothiazines, butyrophenones, benzamides, corticosteroides, and serotonin receptor antagonists, have been investigated in the prevention and treatment of PONV, with various results [1,2].…”

Prevention of nausea and vomiting during termination of pregnancy

“…When none, 1, 2, or 4 of these risk factors are present, the incidence rates of PONV are estimated to be 10%, 23%, 61%, and 79%, respectively [21]. The incidence of PONV is 3 times greater among women than among men because of their high levels of gonadotropin, estrogen, and progesterone during the menstrual cycle [6][7][8]. Individuals with a history of motion sickness and/or PONV have a low threshold for vomiting [6][7][8].…”

“…Adverse effects of general anesthesia are associated not only with longer periods in the recovery room and decreased patient satisfaction, but also with life-threatening complications such as postoperative vaginal bleeding and dehiscence following abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy, increased intracranial pressure, pulmonary aspiration, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance [4][5][6]. Compared with patients who do not experience PONV, those who do require more attention from health care professionals and consume more resources [7].…”

5-HT3 receptor antagonistsvs traditional agents for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting

“…3 Patients who experience PONV consume more resources and require additional health care professional time than do those in whom these complications are avoided. 4 This increased resource consumption leads to a higher cost of care from the hospital perspective and a higher cost to the patient.…”