Estimation of the Compressive Strength of Corrugated Board Boxes with Shifted Creases on the Flaps

Abstract

In the modern world, all manufacturers strive for the optimal design of their products. This general trend is recently also observed in the corrugated board packaging industry. Colorful prints on displays, perforations in shelf-ready-packaging and various types of ventilation holes in trays, although extremely important for ergonomic or functional reasons, weaken the strength of the box. To meet the requirements of customers and recipients, packaging manufacturers outdo each other with new ideas for the construction of their products. Often the aesthetic qualities of the product become more important than the attention to maintaining the standards of the load capacity of the packaging (which, apart from their attention-grabbing functions, are also intended to protect transported products). A particular flaps design (both top and bottom) and its influence on the strength of the box are investigated in this study. An updated analytical–numerical approach is used here to predict the strength of packaging with various flap offsets. Experimental results indicated a significant decrease in the static load-bearing capacity of packaging in the case of shifted flap creases. The simulation model proposed in our previous work has been modified and updated to take into account this effect. The results obtained by the model presented in this paper are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.

Non-Local Sensitivity Analysis and Numerical Homogenization in Optimal Design of Single-Wall Corrugated Board Packaging

“…One cannot forget that there are many factors that diminish the compression strength of corrugated paperboard boxes [59], such as openings, ventilation holes and perforations or indentations [60][61][62][63][64][65], shifted creases on the flaps [66], time and conditions of storage [67,68], and stacking load [47,69,70]. The influence of the box geometry as well as the composition and arrangement of the corrugated board layers on the change of the buckling force, edge crushing (ECT), and the compressive box strength resistance (BCT) are the elements that need to be considered when assessing the load capacity of the box.…”

Analytical Determination of the Bending Stiffness of a Five-Layer Corrugated Cardboard with Imperfections

“…Since the presented model takes into account the influence of initial imperfections in the compressed segment of the corrugated board, the first attention was focused on determining the initial imperfection values. Figures 11 and 12 In Figure 11 it can be clearly noticed that for the imperfection value at the level of 0.1% of the initial length of the compressed segments (which corresponds to k equal to 3), not only the difference between the EB and BE configurations is not noticeable, but also the difference between the BS values for both EB and EB do not differ from the reference value (dashed lines) computed while using the theoretical model (see Equation (15)). The difference between the bending stiffness in the case of EB and BE increases with the augmentation of the imperfection coefficient and for the value k = 2 (i.e., imperfection equals to L i • 10 −2 ) it is between 12% and about 22% (see Figure 12).…”

“…The task is challenging mainly due to the layered structure of the corrugated cardboard with two characteristic in-plane directions of orthotropy associated with the mechanical strength of the paperboard-the machine direction (MD) perpendicular to the main axis of the fluting and parallel to the paperboard fiber alignment, and cross direction (CD) which is parallel to the fluting. Moreover, there are a number of factors that reduce the strength of a cardboard itself or corrugated cardboard packaging, the impact of which has been analyzed and is still is the subject of investigation, e.g., [3] in particular time and storing conditions [4,5], stacking load [6][7][8], openings, ventilation holes and perforations or indentations [9][10][11][12][13][14], shifted creases on the flaps [15] or imprinting on packaging cardboard [16], e.g., product or seller logos.…”

Optimal Design of Double-Walled Corrugated Board Packaging

“…Cardboard is ideal for shaping packaging material; however, one has to bear in mind that there are many factors that reduce its load-bearing capacity [ 59 ]. These include the presence of ventilation holes and perforations or indentations [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ], shifted creases on flaps [ 65 ], time and conditions of storage [ 66 , 67 ], and the stacking load [ 42 , 68 , 69 ]. The risk of failure to meet the guaranteed load-bearing capacity cannot be disregarded.…”