Estimation of the age of ink in writing

Mitchell, C. Ainsworth

doi:10.1039/an920450247b

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was based on the changes in the extractability of the ink supposedly caused by the hardening of the resins [10,[21][22][23][24]. The use of this technique in caseworks was reported in the literature [18,25], but it was followed by a vigorous controversy among the scientific community about the limitations of this approach [5,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum requirements for application of ink dating methods based on solvent analysis in casework

Weyermann

Almog

Bügler³

et al. 2011

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several ink dating methods based on solvents analysis using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were proposed in the last decades. These methods follow the drying of solvents from ballpoint pen inks on paper and seem very promising. However, several questions arose over the last few years among questioned documents examiners regarding the transparency and reproducibility of the proposed techniques. These questions should be carefully studied for accurate and ethical application of this methodology in casework. Inspired by a real investigation involving ink dating, the present paper discusses this particular issue throughout four main topics: aging processes, dating methods, validation procedures and data interpretation. This work presents a wide picture of the ink dating field, warns about potential shortcomings and also proposes some solutions to avoid reporting errors in court.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum requirements for application of ink dating methods based on solvent analysis in casework

Weyermann

Almog

Bügler³

et al. 2011

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are two approaches to the dating of inks: relative dating and absolute dating. There has been extensive literature regarding these efforts for many years . The first approach is known as static dating, which relies on the knowledge of when components in an ink were first introduced or when the formulation of ink was first commercially introduced to the market.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determining the age of written ink entries is of great importance and one of the biggest challenges currently facing document examiners. Many different methods have been employed to analyze pen ink entries .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating of Iron Gall Ink Using the Dissolution‐Diffusion Method

Xie

2015

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In many criminal and civil cases, some questioned documents are written with iron gall ink. Determining the date when an iron gall ink entry was written can be important to assess the authenticity of a document. A dissolution-diffusion method was successfully employed to draw aging curves of iron gall ink entries stored in controlled conditions over 40 months. Calibration curves were created to indicate the relationship between the average dissolution-diffusion rate of ink components and the age of ink entries stored under natural aging conditions. As preliminary findings of this study, the mixed solution of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and anhydrous ethanol was suitable to dissolve the dye of iron gall ink strokes made at different time. It was also determined that brands of iron gall inks, types of paper, and thickness of iron gall ink strokes had varying impacts on estimating the dates of iron gall ink strokes.

show abstract