Estimation of Surface Crack Depth using Rayleigh Waves by Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers

He, Cunfu; Deng, Peng; Lu, Yanmin; Liu, Xiucheng; Liu, Zenghua; Jiao, Jingpin; Wu, Bin

doi:10.20855/ijav.2017.22.4501

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…The emergence of high-frequency guided wave EMAT provides new possibilities for improving the detection resolution of pipeline defects. Rayleigh surface waves have relatively high energy concentrated on a single surface and can propagate over long distances inside and outside solids, as well as detect defects close to the surface [29]. High-frequency CLamb waves, as a special type of circumferential Lamb waves in pipelines, have characteristics similar to Rayleigh waves, but the use of high-frequency circumferential CLamb waves for pipeline defect detection has not been well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal and External Pipe Defect Characterization via High-Frequency Lamb Waves Generated by Unidirectional EMAT

Zhang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Periodic permanent magnet(PPM) electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) are commonly employed for axial defect inspection in pipelines. However, the lowest-order shear horizontal waves (SH0) guided waves have difficulties in distinctly differentiating internal and external defects. To enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution, a unidirectional electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) based on Circumferential Lamb waves (CLamb waves) is developed. Through structural parameter optimization and excitation frequency adjustment, high-amplitude and low-dispersion CLamb waves are successfully generated in the high-frequency-thickness product region of the dispersion curve. Finite element simulations and experimental validation confirm the capability of this EMAT in exciting CLamb waves for the detection of crack-like defects. Experimental results demonstrate that the excitation efficiency of the CLamb EMAT exceeds that of the periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer by more than tenfold. The defect reflection signal of the CLamb EMAT exhibits higher resolution and more significant amplitude compared to the PPM EMAT. The integration of this method with SH0 mode detection allows for the inspection of both internal and external defects in pipelines, offering a new avenue for EMAT applications in pipeline inspection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal and External Pipe Defect Characterization via High-Frequency Lamb Waves Generated by Unidirectional EMAT

Zhang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…However, the coupling between the transducer and the tested material limits the application of the traditional Rayleigh-wave method in severe environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and high corrosion to accomplish quantitative testing of surface cracks. Air-coupled acoustics [ 3 ], electromagnetic ultrasonics [ 4 ], and laser ultrasonics [ 5 ] are the main three non-contact technologies that have gained a lot of attentions. Air-coupled acoustic has a better testing ability in the low-frequency domain because the generation of the acoustic wave with high frequency increases the complexity and difficulty of the detection system [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sensitive Frequency Range Method Based on Laser Ultrasounds for Micro-Crack Depth Determination

Jiang

Deng

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The laser ultrasonic method using the characteristics of transmitted Rayleigh waves in the frequency domain to determine micro-crack depth is proposed. A low-pass filter model based on the interaction between Rayleigh waves and surface cracks is built and shows that the stop band, called the sensitive frequency range, is sensitive to the depth of surface cracks. The sum of transmission coefficients in the sensitive frequency range is defined as an evaluated parameter to determine crack depth. Moreover, the effects of the sensitive frequency range and measured distance on the evaluated results are analyzed by the finite-element method to validate the robustness of this depth-evaluating method. The estimated results of surface cracks with depths ranging from 0.08 mm to ~0.5 mm on the FEM models and aluminum-alloy samples demonstrate that the laser ultrasounds using the characteristics of Rayleigh waves in the frequency domain do work for quantitative crack depth.

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“…In [9], a new EMAT configuration has been proposed based on a periodic permanent-magnet (PPM) to generate and receive shear horizontal guided waves propagating in the circumferential direction. In [10], the estimation of the surface crack depth in pitch-catch mode by EMAT sensor has been proposed. It was carried out experimentally by determining the reflection and the transmission coefficients of Rayleigh waves scattered at a surface crack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer for Detection and Characterization of Hidden Cracks inside Stainless Steel Material

Boughedda

Hacib

Bihan

et al. 2021

ACES

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─ Industrial structure are exposed to microstructural changes caused by fatigue cracking, corrosion and thermal aging. Generally, a hidden crack is very dangerous because it is difficult to detect by Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) techniques. This paper presents a new approach to estimate the hidden cracks dimensions inside a stainless steel plate based on the EMAT signal. The received signal by EMAT is simulated using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Then, the identification of the hidden crack sizes is performed via the combination of two techniques; the first one is the Time-of-Flight (ToF) technique which was applied to estimate the crack height by the evaluation of the difference between the ToF of the healthy form and the defective form. Then, the crack width is estimated by the solution of the inverse problem from the received signal based on a meta-heuristic algorithm called Teaching learning Based optimization (TLBO). The obtained results illustrate the sensitivity of the EMAT sensor to the variation of the crack sizes. Moreover, the quantitative evaluation of the cracks dimensions, show clearly the efficiency and reliability of the adopted approache.

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Estimation of Surface Crack Depth using Rayleigh Waves by Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Internal and External Pipe Defect Characterization via High-Frequency Lamb Waves Generated by Unidirectional EMAT

Internal and External Pipe Defect Characterization via High-Frequency Lamb Waves Generated by Unidirectional EMAT

A Sensitive Frequency Range Method Based on Laser Ultrasounds for Micro-Crack Depth Determination

Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer for Detection and Characterization of Hidden Cracks inside Stainless Steel Material

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