Estimation of soil microbial c by a fumigation-extraction method: use on soils of high organic matter content, and a reassessment of the kec-factor

Sparling, G.P.; Feltham, C.W.; Reynolds, J. L.; West, A.W.; Singleton, P. L.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(90)90104-8

Cited by 370 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The difference between total and inorganic C was considered as SDOC. Soil MBC was measured using the fumigation and extraction procedure (Voroney et al 1993), and was estimated by subtracting the non-fumigated organic C from the fumigated organic C and dividing by 0.35 (Sparling et al 1990), an extraction coefficient. Both soil SDOC and MBC were expressed as mg C kg -1 oven dry soil.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Zhang¹,

Drury²

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2004. Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 151-158. Soil dissolved organic carbon (SDOC) plays an important role in organic C cycling and translocation of nutrients and pollutants in the soil profile. Soil microbial biomass C (MBC) has been used as an indicator of soil quality. Both SDOC and MBC may be affected by management practices and indigenous soil properties, which however are not fully understood. Using a laboratory incubation technique, we determined the effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) addition and soil water saturation as expressed in water-filled pore space (WFPS, 20-95%) on soil SDOC and MBC in three soils from Ontario. The levels of SDOC were the greatest at 20% WFPS, and decreased with increases in WFPS up to 95%. In comparison with the control, addition of red clover increased SDOC by up to 72% at 20% WFPS, but the effect was minimal or insignificant at WFPS above 50%. Reduction of SDOC with increases of WFPS both with and without red clover was attributed to the increased mineralization of labile organic C, as indicated by CO 2 production. Regardless of the legume amendment, soil available N (e.g., mineral N), labile organic C (e.g. initial level of SDOC) or the variable derived from these two measurements, available C:N ratio, were the factors predominately affecting dynamics of SDOC at WPFS from 20 to 50% after 1-mo incubation and at WFPS from 20 to 65% with extended incubation to 3-mo. Soil factors affecting SDOC at WFPS above 85% were total N and pH without red clover, but changed to organic C and soil labile organic C with red clover. High levels of MBC were found to occur mostly with the high WFPS, and were enhanced by red clover addition only in the Perth silt loam. Soil dissolved organic C was significantly related to MBC with WFPS from 20 to 65% without red clover. No relationships between SDOC and MBC were found at WFPS above 65% without red clover and at WFPS from 20 to 95% with red clover. Soil factors affecting SDOC and the availability of SDOC to microbial activity are WFPS dependent and related to soil legume amendment. Le carbone organique dissous dans le sol (CODS) joue un rôle important dans le cycle du carbone (C) organique et dans la translocation des éléments nutritifs et des polluants dans le sol. On se sert parfois du carbone de la biomasse microbienne (CBM) pour déterminer la qualité du sol. Cependant, le CODS et le CBM peuvent subir l'influence des pratiques culturales et des propriétés naturelles du sol, qu'on comprend mal. Les auteurs ont recouru à une technique d'incubation afin de préciser l'incidence du trèfle rouge (Trifolium pratense L.) et de la saturation d'eau, exprimée d'après la proportion de pores remplis d'eau (PRE, de 20 à 95 %), sur le CODS et le CBM dans trois sols de l'Ontario. La concentration la plus élevée de CODS a été observée à 20 % de PRE. Ensuite, elle diminue à mesure que la proportion de PRE s'approche d...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Zhang¹,

Drury²

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…The samples were kept in a cooler and delivered immediately to the laboratory for analysis. The samples were kept at 4°C in a refrigerator before determination of MBC by use of the chloroform fumigation-extraction method; MBC was calculated by dividing the fumigation C-flush by a K EC factor of 0.45 (Sparling et al 1990). Each sample was extracted with 0.5 mol L -1 potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ) to determine K 2 SO 4 -C, as described by Weintraub et al (2007).…”

Section: Soil and Forest Stand Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different effects of warming and cooling on the decomposition of soil organic matter in warm–temperate oak forests: a reciprocal translocation experiment

et al. 2014

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A reciprocal soil monolith-transfer experiment was conducted along an altitude gradient to investigate the effect of climate change on soil carbon (C) processes in two warm-temperate oak forests in Baotianman Nature Reserve, Henan Province, China. Microclimate conditions, soil surface CO 2 flux, and labile organic C were measured for in-situ and transferred soils at both high and low-elevation sites. The soil temperature at 5 cm depth was, on average, 3.27°C warmer at the low-elevation site than at the high-elevation site. Net CO 2 flux (911 g C m -2 13 months -1 , 4.7 % of total C) of soil monoliths transferred from the high to the low-elevation site (simulating warming) was substantially (44 %) greater than for high-elevation soil monoliths incubated in situ (633 g C m -2 13 months -1 , 3.3 % of total C) during 13 months of incubation. Increased extractable organic C (K 2 SO 4 -C) supply with warming partly explained the increase of soil CO 2 flux. Simulated warming also significantly increased the temperature sensitivity (Q 10 values) of soil organic matter decomposition. The positive linear relationship between microbial metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) and Q 10 suggests a connection between microbial population

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“…This method is adapted for acidic soils as used by Sparling et al (1990) and discussed by Voroney et al (1993). Briefly, 20 g of fresh peat were fumigated with ethanol-free CHCl 3 for 24 h to kill and lyse microbial cells.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum-extraction of peatlands disturbs bacterial population and microbial biomass carbon

Croft

Rochefort

Beauchamp

2001

Applied Soil Ecology

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Knowledge concerning the microbial characteristics of natural and post-vacuum extracted ombrotrophic peatlands, as well as peatlands under restoration is limited. In one experiment, microbial comparisons of paired neighboring natural and post-vacuum peatlands in eastern Québec (Canada) were studied to assess the effects of peat mining on microbial indicators and nitrogen (N) cycling. Microbial counts, microbial biomass carbon (MB-C) and N mineralization were examined over two growing seasons. Also, in a second experiment, bio-indicators of the microbial status (microbial counts, MB-C and the quotient of MB-C to total carbon) of one peatland harboring natural, restored and post-vacuum extracted treatments were assessed sporadically over 6 years. The first experiment revealed that peat mining decreased populations of total bacteria, hemicellulolytic and cellulolytic microorganisms and MB-C, but increased peat ammonium content and N mineralization. The bacterial population was found to be lower in the post-vacuum extracted treatment than in natural treatment (control) and under restoration treatment, whereas the actinomycete population was higher in the post-vacuum extracted and restoration treatments than the natural one. Over the 6-year-time course experiment, the MB-C, total C and their quotient revealed a gradual increase in the peatland under restoration, but they remained similar in the post-vacuum extracted peatland treatment. This supports the concept that the total bacterial population and MB-C may be used as an ecological indicator to monitor major site disturbance using paired natural restored peatland. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

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Estimation of soil microbial c by a fumigation-extraction method: use on soils of high organic matter content, and a reassessment of the kec-factor

Cited by 370 publications

References 23 publications

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Different effects of warming and cooling on the decomposition of soil organic matter in warm–temperate oak forests: a reciprocal translocation experiment

Vacuum-extraction of peatlands disturbs bacterial population and microbial biomass carbon

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