Estimation of power system inertia

Zografos, Dimitrios; Ghandhari, Mehrdad

doi:10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741073

Cited by 43 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Table 2 presents the results of the inertia estimation for this case study. The results obtained demonstrate that there was concordance and that the results were better in comparison with the results reported in [24,25,37], where the error in the estimation was between 0.22% and 41.11%. On the other hand, [11] reported an estimation error of 16%.…”

Section: Analysis and Comparison Of The Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…For this case, it was a small disturbance. Nevertheless, the results are still good in comparison with the results reported in the literature, whose values were between 0.22 %, 41.11% [24,25,37], and 16%, reported in [11].…”

Section: Load Incrementsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The aforementioned methodologies were based on the swing equation and transients events, like the ROCOF, and some of them used off-line measurements, such as the power system frequency, which led to a low inertia estimation accuracy [25]. On the other hand, the method presented in [24] provided low inertia estimation error by employing particle swarm optimization, but the accuracy of this method depended on the load power change model and a large number of parameters such as currents, load impedance, power change measurements after the disturbance, and the frequency average of the system.…”

Section: Methods For Inertia Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertia Estimation of Wind Power Plants Based on the Swing Equation and Phasor Measurement Units

et al. 2018

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High penetration of wind power plants may have an adverse impact on power systems’ stability by reducing the inertia, and problems like frequency stability could appear due to total inertia in the system being reduced, making the power system more vulnerable to disturbances. However, most recent grid codes include an emulation inertia requirement for wind power plants, because modern wind turbines are capable of providing virtual inertia through power electronic converter controls to improve frequency stability issues. Because of this, it is necessary that the inertia estimation analyze and quantify the impact of the inertia reduction in power systems. In this paper, an implementation of a methodology for the inertia estimation of wind power plants is presented. It is evaluated through synchrophasor measurements obtained from a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) implementation, using industrial Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). This methodology is based on the swing equation. Furthermore, a comparison of the results obtained between two professional tools RSCAD and DIgSILENT PowerFactory is performed, in order to evaluate the accuracy and the robustness of the methodology. This methodology is applied for the inertia estimation of an equivalent of the southeast zone of the Mexican power system, where there is a large-scale penetration of wind power plants. The results demonstrate that this methodology can be applied in real power systems using PMUs.

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Section: Analysis and Comparison Of The Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Load Incrementsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Methods For Inertia Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertia Estimation of Wind Power Plants Based on the Swing Equation and Phasor Measurement Units

et al. 2018

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“…Step 4: The inertia constant of the generator is extracted from the identified model using the method proposed in section III-C. The identified model is disturbed with a unit step signal; the unit step response of the identified model is collected; the initial RoCoF is calculated from the unit step response of the identified model; and the inertia constant is extracted using (15). Fig.…”

Section: ) Online Inertia Constant Estimation Of the Individual Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Online Estimation of Power System Inertia Constant Under Normal Operating Conditions

et al. 2020

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An online estimation method for the power system inertia constant under normal operating conditions is proposed. First of all, a dynamic model relating the active power to the bus frequency at the generation node is identified in the frequency domain using ambient data measured with the phasor measurement units (PMUs). Then, the inertia constant at the generation node is extracted from the unit step response of the identified model in the time domain using the swing equation. Finally, with the sliding window method and the exponential smoothing method, the estimated inertia constant is updated in real-time. Compared to the conventional methods using large disturbance data or field test data, the proposed method can estimate the inertia constant under normal operating conditions, and therefore, can provide the tracking trajectory of the power system inertia constant in real-time. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in the IEEE 39-bus system. The results show that the relative error of the identified inertia constant is below 5% and the identified inertia constant can be updated within 1s.

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“…[3] The inertial frequency response of synchronous machines is taking place directly after any electric power imbalance in the system as the stored kinetic energy in the rotating mass of those machines limits the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF). [4] The kinetic energy extraction (under frequency events, when the machine slows down) or absorption (over frequency events when the machine accelerates) ensures system stability as a physical response until controlled reserves could be activated. Therefore, the high penetration of non-synchronous generation might cause frequency instability issues through the reduction of rotating mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation Constraints and Methodology for Stability Preservation in Power Systems with High Penetration of Non-Synchronous Generation

Táczi¹,

Hungary²,

Vokony³

2018

REPQJ

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Nowadays, significant changes in the electricity generation mix raise questions about the secure operation of power systems. Most of the newly installed generation capacity is being connected to the grid via power electronic converters, thus can be seen as a non-synchronous generation. The theory of power system operation and control relies heavily on the characteristics of synchronous machines and conventional network structure. Therefore, the effective integration process of the new technologies must include the composition of new physical models for converter dominated large power systems as well as innovative solutions to ensure the secure operation in the future. The focus of this paper is a holistic analysis of the reducing power system inertia to frame up new constraints for system operators through simulation studies on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers standard 118 bus test system. The different system states and scenarios offer a comparison opportunity between stability preservation possibilities. Minimum inertia constraint calculation methodologies and various objective functions are being discussed. The utilization and effects of synthetic inertia from non-synchronous generators and energy storage systems is also considered to quantify the exact effects.

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Estimation of power system inertia

Cited by 43 publications

References 8 publications

Inertia Estimation of Wind Power Plants Based on the Swing Equation and Phasor Measurement Units

Inertia Estimation of Wind Power Plants Based on the Swing Equation and Phasor Measurement Units

Online Estimation of Power System Inertia Constant Under Normal Operating Conditions

Operation Constraints and Methodology for Stability Preservation in Power Systems with High Penetration of Non-Synchronous Generation

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