Estimation of platelet diffusivity in flowing blood

Antonini, G.; Guiffant, G.; Quemada, D.; Dosne, A.M.

doi:10.3233/bir-1978-15205

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Although this is a simple estimate, and is based on a single cells rather than an actual suspension, this value is surprisingly similar to the ones reported in experiments [21][22][23], and computer simulations with multicellular suspension [34], and nearly 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than the Brownian diffusion coefficient of $10 À9 cm 2 /s [61]. In conclusion, we have presented three-dimensional numerical simulation of hydrodynamic interaction between a platelet and an erythrocyte by fully resolving the deformation and dynamics of the cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The second mechanism is the spatially dependent collision rate [5,20]. In a shearing flow, the continuous collision between the RBC and platelets results in significantly higher shear-induced diffusion of the platelets than the Brownian diffusion [21][22][23]. Since the RBC migration causes a concentration gradient, a net flux of platelets occurs from a region of higher collision rate to a region of lower collision rate [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamic Interaction Between a Platelet and an Erythrocyte: Effect of Erythrocyte Deformability, Dynamics, and Wall Proximity

Vahidkhah

Diamond

Bagchi

2013

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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We present three-dimensional numerical simulations of hydrodynamic interaction between a red blood cell (RBC) and a platelet in a wall-bounded shear flow. The dynamics and large deformation of the RBC are fully resolved in the simulations using a fronttracking method. The objective is to quantify the influence of tank treading and tumbling dynamics of the RBC, and the presence of a bounding wall on the deflection of platelet trajectories. We observe two types of interaction: A crossing event in which the platelet comes in close proximity to the RBC, rolls over it, and continues to move in the same direction; and a turning event in which the platelet turns away before coming close to the RBC. The crossing events occur when the initial lateral separation between the cells is above a critical separation, and the turning events occur when it is below the critical separation. The critical lateral separation is found to be higher during the tumbling motion than that during the tank treading. When the RBC is flowing closer to the wall than the platelet, the critical separation increases by several fold, implying the turning events have higher probability to occur than the crossing events. On the contrary, if the platelet is flowing closer to the wall than the RBC, the critical separation decreases by several folds, implying the crossing events are likely to occur. Based on the numerical results, we propose a mechanism of continual platelet drift from the RBC-rich region of the vessel towards the wall by a succession of turning and crossing events. The trajectory deflection in the crossing events is found to depend nonmonotonically on the initial lateral separation, unlike the monotonic trend observed in tracer particle deflection and in deformable sphere-sphere collision. This nonmonotonic trend is shown to be a consequence of the deformation of the RBC caused by the platelet upon collision. An estimation of the platelet diffusion coefficient yields values that are similar to those reported in experiments and computer simulations with multicellular suspension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic Interaction Between a Platelet and an Erythrocyte: Effect of Erythrocyte Deformability, Dynamics, and Wall Proximity

Vahidkhah

Diamond

Bagchi

2013

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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“…[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] However, such migration also causes nonuniformity in RBC concentration in the lateral direction and consequently a spatially varying RBC-platelet collision rate which further affects the margination. Furthermore, it is important to note that in many experimental studies the margination is measured based on the number of particles adhered to the walls, although margination and adhesion are different phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microparticle shape effects on margination, near-wall dynamics and adhesion in a three-dimensional simulation of red blood cell suspension

Vahidkhah

Bagchi

2015

Soft Matter

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We present a 3D computational modeling study of the transport of micro-scale drug carriers modeled as microparticles of different shapes (spherical, oblate, and prolate) in whole blood represented as a suspension of deformable red blood cells. The objective is to quantify the effect of microparticle shapes on their margination, near-wall dynamics and adhesion. We observe that the near-wall accumulation is highest for oblate particles of moderate aspect ratio, followed by spherical particles, and lowest for very elongated prolate particles. The result is explained using micro-scale dynamics of individual particles, and their interaction with red blood cells. We observe that the orientation of microparticles in 3D space and the frequency of their collisions with red blood cells are the key factors affecting their margination. We show that due to repeated collisions with red blood cells in the presence of a bounding wall, the axes of revolution of oblate particles align near the plane of the shear flow, but those of prolate particles shift towards the vorticity axis with a wider distribution. Such specific orientations lead to more frequent collisions and a greater lateral drift for oblate particles than microspheres, but less frequent collisions and a reduced lateral drift for elongated prolate particles, resulting in the observed differences in their near-wall accumulation. Once marginated, the particle shape has an entirely different effect on the likelihood of making particle-wall contacts. We find that marginated prolate particles, due to their alignment along the vorticity axis and large angular fluctuations, are more likely to make contacts with the wall than spherical and oblate particles. We further simulate the adhesion between flowing microparticles and the wall in the presence of red blood cells, and observe that once wall contacts are established, the likelihood of firm adhesion is greater for disk-like particles, followed by elongated prolates, and microspheres. Consequently, this study suggests that the local hemorheological conditions near the targeted sites must be taken into consideration while selecting the optimum shape of micro-scale vascular drug carriers.

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“…These values cannot be used to characterize diffusion in blood at 378C; the molecules collide with each other with greater probability and experience frictional forces that are different, possibly higher. It is well documented that platelet diffusivity is enhanced by orders of magnitude due to collisions with RBCs during blood flow (Antonini et al, 1978). Goldsmith and Turitto (1986) state that measured diffusivity values are enhanced, over that inferred from just Brownian motion, for platelets and also for proteins, like fibrinogen and vWF, which have high molecular weights.…”

Section: Treatment Of Diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For platelets, we estimate the Brownian diffusion coefficient in plasma (using the Stokes-Einstein formula), and enhance it with a shear rate and RBC diameterdependent factor: D _ g : There are many models that estimate the enhanced diffusivity of platelets due to RBC motion (Keller, 1971;Antonini et al, 1978;Zydney and Colton, 1982). We use the formula suggested by Keller (1971), generalizing it so as to apply in a threedimensional frame invariant setting.…”

Section: Treatment Of Diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model Incorporating Some of the Mechanical and Biochemical Factors Underlying Clot Formation and Dissolution in Flowing Blood

Mohan

Rajagopal

2000

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

137

121

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Multiple interacting mechanisms control the formation and dissolution of clots to maintain blood in a state of delicate balance. In addition to a myriad of biochemical reactions, rheological factors also play a crucial role in modulating the response of blood to external stimuli. To date, a comprehensive model for clot formation and dissolution, that takes into account the biochemical, medical and rheological factors, has not been put into place, the existing models emphasizing either one or the other of the factors. In this paper, after discussing the various biochemical, physiologic and rheological factors at some length, we develop a model for clot formation and dissolution that incorporates many of the relevant crucial factors that have a bearing on the problem. The model, though just a first step towards understanding a complex phenomenon, goes further than previous models in integrating the biochemical, physiologic and rheological factors that come into play.

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Estimation of platelet diffusivity in flowing blood

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrodynamic Interaction Between a Platelet and an Erythrocyte: Effect of Erythrocyte Deformability, Dynamics, and Wall Proximity

Hydrodynamic Interaction Between a Platelet and an Erythrocyte: Effect of Erythrocyte Deformability, Dynamics, and Wall Proximity

Microparticle shape effects on margination, near-wall dynamics and adhesion in a three-dimensional simulation of red blood cell suspension

A Model Incorporating Some of the Mechanical and Biochemical Factors Underlying Clot Formation and Dissolution in Flowing Blood

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