Estimation of nitrogen oxides emissions from petrol and diesel passenger cars by means of on-board monitoring: Effect of vehicle speed, vehicle technology, engine type on emission rates

Lozhkina, Olga; Lozhkin, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2016.06.008

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The peak (worst) increments in NO x emission of 2.8, 3.3, 5.4, and 7.4% for blends B5, B10, B15, and B20, respectively, were all seen at loadings below 50%. These findings agree with those of a significant number of studies carried out on different biodiesel types and blends under various engine operating conditions [48,65,66]. Duda et al [67] also reported similar findings and interpretations of NO x trends with the engine load and speed.…”

Section: No X Emissionssupporting

confidence: 89%

Emissions from Combustion of Second-Generation Biodiesel Produced from Seeds of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

et al. 2019

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Transportation is a vital necessity without which the entire world would come to a standstill. The fossil fuels used to power transportation are consumed at rates of approximately 100,000 times their rate of natural formation, and their consumption subjects the human environment and ecosystem to significant damage. As substitutes for fossil-based diesel, second-generation biodiesels can eliminate many of the challenges concerning first-generation biodiesels in terms of their high cost and the food versus fuel debate. The seeds of the date palm tree have significant oil content and are a promising prospective energy source. This study investigated the potential environmental benefits of this biofuel in terms of diesel tailpipe emission reduction. The various blends of palm date biodiesel were produced and matched to fuel standard requirements, resulting in four standard-compatible blends that were tested in a diesel engine at varying operating conditions for speed and load. Although the biodiesel emissions had lower concentrations of CO2, CO, and HC relative to fossil diesel, higher concentrations of NOx were detected. The results suggest that date-seed biodiesel could become a sustainable energy source for the transport sector, although further technical and economic investigations will be required before its wide deployment.

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Section: No X Emissionssupporting

confidence: 89%

Emissions from Combustion of Second-Generation Biodiesel Produced from Seeds of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

et al. 2019

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“…Combustion engines are the main power source in transport [5,38]. Diesel engines in relation to spark-ignition engines are characterized by higher efficiency, associated with lower consumption of diesel fuel, [39][40][41] but higher PM and NOx emissions. Because of this, the research tilts biogas (BG) compression ignition engines [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Biogas and Waste Fats Methyl Esters on NO, NO2, CO, and PM Emission by Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the unit gas emission value in the exhaust of a dual fuel diesel engine. The results of the effects of a diesel engine’s applications in biogas plants and the method for calculating mass gas emissions per unit of produced electricity are shown. The test was performed using a two-cylinder, naturally aspirated, liquid-cooled diesel engine. The diesel engine powered a generator connected to the grid. The engine was fed with liquid fuels—waste cooking oil methyl ester (UCOME) and diesel fuel (DF)—and with a gas fuel, biogas (BG). The engine ran at a constant rotational speed (2000 rpm ± 30 rpm) with variable load. The gas analyzer measured the amount of CO, NO, NO2, and PM (particulate matter) in exhaust gas. This gas content share was then converted to mass per engine generated energy unit. This experiment showed the effect of BG introduced to the intake manifold on fuel combustion, as well as an increase in CO and NO2 emission and decrease in NO and PM. In terms of dependence of exhaust emissions on the type of liquid fuel used, the use of UCOME as opposed to diesel fuel resulted in PM reduction and increase of NO emissions.

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“…One of the reliable strategies, which drive to improve efficiency and reduce emission is magnetization of the hydrocarbon fuel molecules . Most of the fuels for ICE are in liquid phase; do not undergo combustion until they combined with air after vaporization . Typically, required fuel for ICE is a synthesis of molecules which exists a presence of the magnetic movements inside their molecules; moreover, they also contain electrical charges which are negative as well as positive .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Most of the fuels for ICE are in liquid phase; do not undergo combustion until they combined with air after vaporization. 8,9 Typically, required fuel for ICE is a synthesis of molecules which exists a presence of the magnetic movements inside their molecules; moreover, they also contain electrical charges which are negative as well as positive. 10 However, during the process of combustion, the fuel is not combined with oxygen vigorously, and molecules are not realigned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of effects of magnetic field on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine

Niaki

Zadeh

Niaki³

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This article presents a comprehensive experimental work for the application of permanent magnets with the intensity of 9,000 G to a four‐stroke four cylinders gasoline engine on fuel lines at a location near to the combustion chamber. By using the permanent magnet, the liquid fuel disintegrates into small diameter, and de‐clustering of the fuel molecules of hydrocarbon has been proved to provide better atomization of the fuel, which makes sure that the fuel strenuously combines with oxygen and results in complete and more efficient burning process inside the combustion chamber. The experimental analysis revealed that magnetic treatment has improved performance and emission characteristics. Analysis over the engine test results with magnetic fuel conditioning showed that the reduction of 4–12% in fuel consumption and reduction in 11, 10, 18, and 10% for CO, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions, respectively, compared to gasoline fuel without magnetic condition. Further, we experimentally investigated the performance of petrol engine parameters such as in‐cylinder temperature and pressure, cylinder, and head cylinder temperature, the temperature of different parts of the piston. As a whole, magnetic fuel treatment has improved combustion and reduced the harmful pollutants of the compression ignition engine.

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Estimation of nitrogen oxides emissions from petrol and diesel passenger cars by means of on-board monitoring: Effect of vehicle speed, vehicle technology, engine type on emission rates

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

Emissions from Combustion of Second-Generation Biodiesel Produced from Seeds of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Emissions from Combustion of Second-Generation Biodiesel Produced from Seeds of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Impact of Biogas and Waste Fats Methyl Esters on NO, NO2, CO, and PM Emission by Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

Experimental investigation of effects of magnetic field on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine

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