Estimation of nitric oxide as an inflammatory marker in periodontitis

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is not only important in host defense and homeostasis but it is also regarded as harmful and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The presence of NO in periodontal disease may reflect the participation of an additional mediator of bone resorption responsible for disease progression. The aim of this study was to assess the level of NO in serum in chronic periodontitis, and correlate these levels with the severity of periodontal disease. Sixty subjects participated in the study and were divided into two groups. NO levels were assayed by measuring the accumulation of stable oxidative metabolite, nitrite with Griess reaction. Results showed subjects with periodontitis had significantly high nitrite in serum than healthy subjects. NO production is increased in periodontal disease, this will enable us to understand its role in disease progression and selective inhibition of NO may be of therapeutic utility in limiting the progression of periodontitis.

Protective Mechanism of Melatonin on Kainic Acid Induced Immune Modulatory Effect on Lymphocytes Derived from Mouse Spleen

“…Briefly, single cell suspension of splenic lymphocytes was divided in to several groups; each group contained 1 ml of the splenic lymphocytes single cell suspension in triplicate. The concentration of kainic acid and melatonin were fixed according to the authors earlier studies [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. First group I was kept as normal control 9 without any treatment); group II was treated with 1 mM of kainic acid alone (KA); group III was treated with 1 mM melatonin alone (MLT); group IV was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (0.25 mM) in combination; groups V was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (0.5 mM) in combination, groups VI was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (1 mM) in combination.…”

“…First group I was kept as normal control 9 without any treatment); group II was treated with 1 mM of kainic acid alone (KA); group III was treated with 1 mM melatonin alone (MLT); group IV was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (0.25 mM) in combination; groups V was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (0.5 mM) in combination, groups VI was treated with KA (1 mM)+MLT (1 mM) in combination. In all the combination groups of KA and MLT, MLT was added simultaneously together with the KA [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Quantification of nitric oxide concentration in the hemocytes of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum by using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2) detection method

“…NOS는 isoform인 endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS) 및 neuronal NOS (nNOS) 로 구 성되며, eNOS와 nNOS는 세포내에서 극소량으로 존재하나 (Clancy et al, 1998; see review of Aktan, 2004), iNOS 에 의해 발생하는 NO는 염증유발 물질에 의해 대량으로 발생 한다 (Cattell and Jansen, 1995;Cirino et al, 2006;Menaka et al, 2009). 무척추동물의 경우 현재까지 iNOS 만 확인된 상태이다 (Imamura et al, 2002).…”

Efficacy of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline against nitrosative stress in chronic periodontitis

“…Inducible NOS www.nature.com/aps Pârvu AE et al Acta Pharmacologica Sinica npg (NOS2/iNOS) is expressed by various cells, such as macrophages and fibroblasts, in response to inflammatory stimuli, and it produces large amounts of NO. Since large amounts of NO are toxic, NO has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory conditions [9][10][11][12] . In such diseases, under conditions of high and sustained NO production, reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNS) (such as nitrogen dioxide, NO 2 ; dinitrogen trioxide, N 2 O 3 ; and peroxynitrite, ONOO -) are formed by reactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS), and may result in nitrosative or oxidative stress [13,14] .…”

“…In recent years, growing evidence of the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and nitro-oxidative stress in chronic periodontitis has highlighted the need to improve diagnostic and treatment algorithms [9] . NO is produced in vivo from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS).…”