Estimation of intestinal permeability in healthy dogs using the contrast medium iohexol

Klenner, Stefanie; Coenen, Manfred; Failing, Klaus; Hewicker‐Trautwein, M.; Ternes, Waldemar; Verspohl, Jutta; Spillmann, Thomas

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.2009.00136.x

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Iohexol is a large osmotic agent that passively diffuses between epithelial cells throughout the entire GI tract and has been used previously for evaluation of intestinal permeability in healthy dogs. 12,13 Increased intestinal permeability allows more diffusion and increased appearance of iohexol in the blood. In contrast to other intestinal permeability probes, iohexol is nonradioactive, widely available, and is not degraded by intestinal bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of combined carprofen and omeprazole administration on gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation in dogs

Jones

Gaier

Enomoto

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Proton pump inhibitors (eg, omeprazole) commonly are administered concurrently with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; eg, carprofen) as prophylaxis to decrease the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) injury. However, evidence to support this practice is weak, and it might exacerbate dysbiosis and inflammation. Hypothesis/Objectives: To evaluate the effect of carprofen alone or combined with omeprazole in dogs. We hypothesized that coadministration of omeprazole and carprofen would significantly increase GI permeability and dysbiosis index (DI) compared to no treatment or carprofen alone. Animals: Six healthy adult colony beagle dogs. Methods: Gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation were assessed by serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, plasma iohexol concentration, fecal DI, and fecal calprotectin concentration in a prospective, 3-period design. In the first 7-day period, dogs received no intervention (baseline). During the 2nd period, dogs received 4 mg/kg of carprofen q24h PO for 7 days. In the 3rd period, dogs received 4 mg/kg of carprofen q24h and 1 mg/kg of omeprazole q12h PO for 7 days. Gastrointestinal permeability testing was performed at the end of each period. Data were analyzed using repeated measures mixed model analysis of variance with Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests (P < .05). Results: Serum LPS and plasma iohexol concentrations did not differ between treatments. Fecal calprotectin concentrations differed between treatments (P = .03). The DI varied over time based on the treatment received (P = .03). Coadministration of omeprazole and carprofen significantly increased fecal calprotectin concentration and DI compared to baseline and carprofen alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of combined carprofen and omeprazole administration on gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation in dogs

Jones

Gaier

Enomoto

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Intestinal function testing was performed on each kitten on day 6 of acclimation and again on day 4 post-infection with aEPEC as shown in Figure 1. At each time, kittens were lightly anesthetized by mask inhalation of isofluorane gas and then orogastrically intubated for administration of a mixture of iohexol (Klenner et al, 2009) and D-xylose (Eberts et al, 1979). Doses used for iohexol and D-xylose were extrapolated from previously published studies (Klenner et al, 2009; Nix et al, 1993).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At each time, kittens were lightly anesthetized by mask inhalation of isofluorane gas and then orogastrically intubated for administration of a mixture of iohexol (Klenner et al, 2009) and D-xylose (Eberts et al, 1979). Doses used for iohexol and D-xylose were extrapolated from previously published studies (Klenner et al, 2009; Nix et al, 1993). The final mixture contained 2 ml of a 350 mg/ml solution of iohexol (Omnipaque, GE Healthcare, Princeton NJ), 0.5 g of D-xylose (Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO), and sufficient sterile water to achieve a total solution volume of 11 ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the intestinal microbiota on disease susceptibility in kittens with experimentally-induced carriage of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Watson¹,

Jacob

Bruno-Bárcena

et al. 2019

Veterinary Microbiology

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Typical enteropathogenic E. coli (tEPEC) carries the highest hazard of death in children with diarrhea and atypical EPEC (aEPEC) was recently identified as significantly associated with diarrheal mortality in kittens. In both children and kittens there is a significant association between aEPEC burden and diarrheal disease, however the infection can be found in individuals with and without diarrhea. It remains unclear to what extent, under what conditions, or by what mechanisms aEPEC serves as a primary pathogen in individuals with diarrhea. It seems likely that a combination of host and bacterial factors enable aEPEC to cause disease in some individuals and not in others. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of aEPEC on intestinal function and diarrhea in kittens following experimentally-induced carriage and the influence of a disrupted intestinal microbiota on disease susceptibility. Results of this study identify aEPEC as a potential pathogen in kittens. In the absence of disruption to the intestinal microbiota, kittens are resistant to clinical signs of aEPEC carriage but demonstrate significant occult changes in intestinal absorption and permeability. Antibiotic-induced disruption of the intestinal microbiota prior to infection increases subsequent intestinal water loss as determined by % fecal wet weight. Enrichment of the intestinal microbiota with a commensal member of the feline mucosa-associated microbiota, Enterococcus hirae, ameliorated the effects of aEPEC experimental infection on intestinal function and water loss. These observations begin to unravel the mechanisms by which aEPEC infection may be able to exploit susceptible hosts.

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“…When this article 1 was published in the journal, one of the authors was not included. The correct authors and their affiliations are as follows:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Erratum

Klenner

Frías

Coenen

et al. 2010

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Estimation of intestinal permeability in healthy dogs using the contrast medium iohexol

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

The effect of combined carprofen and omeprazole administration on gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation in dogs

The effect of combined carprofen and omeprazole administration on gastrointestinal permeability and inflammation in dogs

Influence of the intestinal microbiota on disease susceptibility in kittens with experimentally-induced carriage of atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

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