Estimation of Fecal Output with an Intra-Ruminal Continuous Release Marker Device

Adams, Don C.; Short, R. E.; Borman, Michael M.; MacNeil, M. D.

doi:10.2307/4002941

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Supplementation trials were conducted at the WEST pasture in 1988 and 1989, while both supplementation and intake trials were conducted at the EAST pasture. In 1990In , 1991In , and 1992 …”

Section: S U P P L E M E N T a T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1988 and 1989, gelatin capsules containing chromic oxide were administered daily. In 1991 and 1992, chromium was delivered with an intra-ruminal continuous release device 1 (Adams et al 1991) administered at the beginning of each trial. Five daily fecal collections were made following a 10-day adjustment period to insure that chromium had reached a consistent concentration in the digestive tract.…”

Section: Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplementation of yearling steers grazing Northern Great Plains rangelands

Karn¹

2000

REM

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Growing yearling steers on summer rangelands as part of a cow-calf-yearling operation would allow producers to maximize forage utilization, and selling yearling steers when forage was in short supply would minimize potential genetic losses in the cow herd. A series of summer supplementation and intake studies were conducted from 1988-1992 to determine if weight gains of grazing yearling steers could be increased by supplemental energy (ground barley), phosphorus (P), or crude protein. Studies were conducted at 2 locations on pastures of approximately 51 ha each, which contained quite different mixtures of forage species. Forage P, crude protein and IVDOM levels were monitored throughout the grazing season. Supplementation results varied among years and between locations. There were significant (P < 0.14) location by treatment interactions in 1989 and 1990 because steers at the WEST location tended to respond more to supplementation than steers at the EAST location, but EAST location steers had the highest rates of gain. Providing supplements at gradually increasing rates produced results comparable to supplementing at a constant rate all summer. Supplemental crude protein showed no significant benefit, but crude protein levels in pasture forage were generally above steer requirements. Weight gains averaged over all 5 years were greater (P < 0.05) for steers supplemented with barley or barley and P, compared to unsupplemented control steers. The response to supplementation should be beneficial most years, but results may vary with the quantity and quality of available forage.

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“…Supplementation trials were conducted at the WEST pasture in 1988 and 1989, while both supplementation and intake trials were conducted at the EAST pasture. In 1990In , 1991In , and 1992 …”

Section: S U P P L E M E N T a T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of yearling steers grazing Northern Great Plains rangelands

Karn¹

2000

REM

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“…Steers used for total fecal collections had been weaned and received no supplement. Steers used for total collections were dosed with the same intraruminal continuous Cr releasing device as the steers on the trial and fitted with fecal collection bags for total fecal collection to obtain a correction factor for fecal output (Adams et al 1991a, Hollingsworth et al 1995. The correlation factor was 0.731 for 1995 and 0.897 for 1996.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escape protein and weaning effects on calves grazing meadow regrowth

Lardy¹,

Adams²,

Klopfenstein³

2001

REM

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Forty spring-born calves grazing subirrigated meadow regrowth after haying in July were assigned to 2 weaning and 2 supplementation treatments in fall of 1995 and 1996. Weaning treatments were weaning on 1 September or nursing during the duration of the trial. Supplementation treatments were no supplement or supplemental undegraded intake protein (UIP). An 80:20 (dry matter basis) blend of sulfite liquor treated soybean meal and feather meal was the source of undegraded intake protein (undegraded intake protein = 45% of supplement dry matter). Supplemented nursing calves received 0.50 kg of supplement daily whereas supplemented weaned calves received 0.91 kg of supplement daily. Weaned and nursing calves grazed subirrigated meadow regrowth throughout the trial. The trials were conducted from 17 October to 18 November 1995 and 5 September to 4 November 1996. Milk intake was measured by the weigh-suckleweigh technique. Diet samples collected from ruminally cannulated calves after rumen evacuation averaged 12.5% crude protein and 54.8% in vitro organic matter digestibility. No supplementation x weaning management interactions were detected (P > 0.18). Nursing calves had greater weight gains (0.95 vs. 0.59 kg day -1 ; P = 0.001) and lower forage intakes (2.36 vs. 2.96 kg day -1 ; P = 0.009) than weaned calves. Supplementation with undegraded intake protein increased (P = 0.03) daily gains of calves compared to nonsupplemented calves 0.88 vs 0.66 kg day -1 , respectively. Forage intake as a percentage of body weight tended to be higher in non-supplemented calves (P = 0.09). However, total intake (forage plus supplement) as a percentage of body weight tended to be higher in supplemented calves (P = 0.14). Total intake (kg day -1 ) was greater (P = 0.01) for calves supplemented with undegraded intake protein. Milk intake did not differ between supplemented and unsupplemented calves (P > 0.52). We concluded that subirrigated meadow regrowth forage was limiting in metabolizable protein and that milk represents an important source of metabolizable protein for grazing calves. Resumen 40 becerros nacidos en primavera, que apacentaban el rebrote de praderas subirrigadas después de segadas para heno en julio, se asignaron a 2 tratamientos de destete y 2 tratamientos de suplementación en otoño de 1995 y 1996. Los tratamientos de destete fueron: destetarlos el 1 de septiembre o amamantarlos durante la duración del experimento. Los tratamientos de suplementación fueron: no suplementación y suplementación de proteína no-degradada (PND). La fuente de proteína no-degradada fue una mezcla (80:20% en base seca) de pasta de soya tratada con licor de sulfito y harina de pluma (Proteína no-degradada = 45% de la materia seca suplementada). Los becerros amamantados suplementados recibieron 0.50 kg diarios de suplemento mientras que los becerros destetados suplementados recibieron 0.91 kg de suplemento al día. Durante el período de conducción del experimento los becerros destetados y los amamantados apacentaron el rebrote de las pr...

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“…They have been used in nutritional and metabolic studies to determine gastrointestinal transit times, dietary intake, feed digestibility, faecal output, dry matter absorbability and the efflux of water (Kotb and Luckey 1972;Warner 1981;Teeter and Owens 1983;Mandell et al 1988;Adams et al 1991;Chandler et al 1997;Pendlebury et al 2005). They have also been used to facilitate sampling in hormonal studies of grazing animals, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technique for faecal marking in group-housed southern hairy-nosed wombatsLasiorhinus latifrons

Hogan

Phillips

Horsup³

et al. 2011

Australian Zoologist

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This study compared the efficacy of plastic glitter, with a mean particulate size of 1.18 mm, as a faecal marker in group-housed captive wombats Lasiorhinus latifrons. The wombats voluntarily consumed the glitter through the use of appetizing food vehicles. Over 40 different food treats were tested as possible vehicles for the oral delivery of the faecal marker and of these six were deemed highly palatable: (1) golden syrup with horse pellets, (2) golden syrup with weetbix, (3) pitted dates, (4) honey with kangaroo pellets, (5) nutrigel with rolled-oats, and (6) strawberry sauce with rolled-oats. Mean transit time of glitter particulates through the alimentary tract of L. latifrons was 2.9 ± 0.5 d, with maximal output occurring 4.2 ± 0.3 d after administration. A marker dose of 1.6 g / 3 d was required to reach a steady and detectable state of marker output. Using this dosage > 2 particulates (i.e. flecks) of glitter were defaecated in > 90% of faecal pellets, allowing the accurate identification of individual samples. Reliable labeling was obtained using gold, silver, metallic red, metallic green, metallic blue and white glitter, i.e. digestion did not affect the integrity of these colours. There was no evidence that long-term feeding of glitter had any negative effects on the normal formation of faecal pellets, the clinical health, weight or appetite of the wombats.

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Estimation of Fecal Output with an Intra-Ruminal Continuous Release Marker Device

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Supplementation of yearling steers grazing Northern Great Plains rangelands

Supplementation of yearling steers grazing Northern Great Plains rangelands

Escape protein and weaning effects on calves grazing meadow regrowth

Technique for faecal marking in group-housed southern hairy-nosed wombatsLasiorhinus latifrons

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