Estimation of European Union residential sector space cooling potential

Jakubcionis, Mindaugas; Carlsson, Johan

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.11.047

Cited by 90 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Space cooling is becoming an increasingly relevant issue in Europe, albeit still representing a residual percentage of consumption (Odyssee-Mure 2019). Data on space cooling final energy demand in residential buildings of the EU member states is still limited (Jakubcionis and Carlsson 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Gouveia

Palma

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The reduction of energy consumption and the increase in energy efficiency is currently an important cornerstone of EU policy. Energy performance certificates (EPCs) were implemented as one of the tools to promote this agenda, and are used for the energy performance assessment of buildings. In this study, the characteristics of the Portuguese dwelling stock are regionally analysed using data from approximately 523,000 Portuguese residential EPCs. Furthermore, a bottom-up building typology approach is used to assess the regional energy needs impact of retrofitting actions and to estimate the heating and cooling energy performance gaps of the whole dwelling stock, as well as the potential CO 2 emissions resulting from the gaps' potential offset due to increase thermal comfort. The results show that Portuguese residential buildings have very low energy performance, with windows and roofs being identified as the most energy inefficient elements. Roof retrofitting has the highest potential for the reduction of energy needs. The estimated heating and cooling energy performance gap amount to very significant percentages, due to the poor performing building stock but also very low energy consumption levels, with probable consequences for the thermal comfort of occupants. Assuming the current energy mix, carbon emissions would be 9.8 and 20.2 times higher associated with heating and cooling, respectively, if the actual final energy consumption were to match the estimated theoretical values derived from building regulation. This study demonstrates several application cases and leverages the potential of the individual EPC, increasing the detail in the dwelling stock characterization and energy performance estimation, revealing its value for energy retrofit and climate change mitigation assessments, as well as establishing the ground for future work related to building retrofits, energy efficiency measure implementation, climate change mitigation, thermal comfort, and energy poverty studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Gouveia

Palma

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Hamburg has a temperate oceanic (Cfb), and Murcia a hot semi-arid (BSh) climate, according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification [44,[234][235][236][237]. Local weather station data from 2012 to 2016 [238][239][240] are used to calculate the five-year average (µ) and annual coefficient of variation (CV, also known as the relative standard variation) of the average annual wind speed, solar global horizontal irradiation, precipitation, air temperature, daily maximum and minimum air temperatures, heating degree days (HDD) [127,241], and cooling degree days (CDD) [50,51]. Table A1.…”

Section: Appendix a Locations Selection System Design Dimensioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle as a Power Plant: Techno-Economic Scenario Analysis of a Renewable Integrated Transportation and Energy System for Smart Cities in Two Climates

et al. 2019

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Renewable, reliable, and affordable future power, heat, and transportation systems require efficient and versatile energy storage and distribution systems. If solar and wind electricity are the only renewable energy sources, what role can hydrogen and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) have in providing year-round 100% renewable, reliable, and affordable energy for power, heat, and transportation for smart urban areas in European climates? The designed system for smart urban areas uses hydrogen production and FCEVs through vehicle-to-grid (FCEV2G) for balancing electricity demand and supply. A techno-economic analysis was done for two technology development scenarios and two different European climates. Electricity and hydrogen supply is fully renewable and guaranteed at all times. Combining the output of thousands of grid-connected FCEVs results in large overcapacities being able to balance large deficits. Self-driving, connecting, and free-floating car-sharing fleets could facilitate vehicle scheduling. Extreme peaks in balancing never exceed more than 50% of the available FCEV2G capacity. A simple comparison shows that the cost of energy for an average household in the Mid Century scenario is affordable: 520–770 €/year (without taxes and levies), which is 65% less compared to the present fossil situation. The system levelized costs in the Mid Century scenario are 71–104 €/MWh for electricity and 2.6–3.0 €/kg for hydrogen—and we expect that further cost reductions are possible.

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“…One example of an agricultural unit that benefits from temperature control even in a moderate climate zone is a pig stall [8]. The demand for cooling is expected to significantly rise in future worldwide, including in Europe [9]. Cooling is most required when demand for heat is low, i.e.…”

Section: Heat Valorisation Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Challenges in the Implementation of Decentralized Combined Heat and Power Production (Chp)

Kusch-Brandt¹

2018

SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings

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Cogeneration, or combined heat and power production (CHP), delivers both electricity and heat simultaneously, which achieves high overall energy efficiency. Although CHP technologies are state of the art, and advantages of their adoption are well known, 70% (European Union) to 80% (worldwide) of the existing potential remains untapped. Initiatives fostering more widespread uptake of cogeneration so far often focus on large scale electricity supply schemes combined with the operation of district heating, while the situation at single industrial sites or other decentralized energy supply schemes is less in focus, although this area of potential application clearly merits high attention. A range of challenges can be identified in practice when it comes to implementation of CHP schemes at industrial sites or other decentralized locations. However, problems commonly occurring in such a context in practice are currently not well documented in literature. Using a lens located at the science-practice interface allows to explore typical contexts and to propose solutions for commonly occurring problems when it comes to implementation of decentralized CHP schemes, in particular in a business environment. 18 th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2018 Identified challenges can be structured into three clusters or dimensions. The challenges include (1) elements linked to meeting heat requirements in quantity but also in quality (heat valorisation dimension); (2) elements linked to the operation of the unit on site (technology dimension); and (3) specific management issues (management dimension). Each dimension is analysed and solutions to successfully meet challenges are indicated.

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Estimation of European Union residential sector space cooling potential

Cited by 90 publications

References 3 publications

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Harvesting big data from residential building energy performance certificates: retrofitting and climate change mitigation insights at a regional scale

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle as a Power Plant: Techno-Economic Scenario Analysis of a Renewable Integrated Transportation and Energy System for Smart Cities in Two Climates

Common Challenges in the Implementation of Decentralized Combined Heat and Power Production (Chp)

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