Estimation of body fluids with bioimpedance spectroscopy: state of the art methods and proposal of novel methods

Buendia, Ruben; Seoane, Fernando; Lindecrantz, Kaj; Bosæus, Ingvar; Gil-Pita, Roberto; Johannsson, Gudmundur; Ellegård, Lars; Ward, Leigh C.

doi:10.1088/0967-3334/36/10/2171

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recently, several new technologies for measuring ECFV have been developed[ 114 ]. Table 4 shows the principal techniques, which fall into the following three categories: (1) methods based on body composition, including BIA[ 115 - 121 ] or bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA)[ 122 , 123 ], DEXA[ 124 - 132 ], and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)[ 133 ]; (2) simultaneous measurement of TBK in a total body counter measuring stable potassium ( 40 K) and TBW usually by 2 H 2 O dilution[ 134 - 136 ]; and (3) estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using exogenous markers with extracellular distribution[ 137 - 147 ]. The ECFV value is computed in the third category by either constant infusion[ 138 ], or, more often, a single injection[ 139 ] of the exogenous GFR marker.…”

Section: Body Fluid Balance As a Function Of Extracellular Fluid Volumentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid balance concepts in medicine: Principles and practice

Roumelioti¹,

Glew²,

Khitan³

et al. 2018

WJN

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The regulation of body fluid balance is a key concern in health and disease and comprises three concepts. The first concept pertains to the relationship between total body water (TBW) and total effective solute and is expressed in terms of the tonicity of the body fluids. Disturbances in tonicity are the main factor responsible for changes in cell volume, which can critically affect brain cell function and survival. Solutes distributed almost exclusively in the extracellular compartment (mainly sodium salts) and in the intracellular compartment (mainly potassium salts) contribute to tonicity, while solutes distributed in TBW have no effect on tonicity. The second body fluid balance concept relates to the regulation and measurement of abnormalities of sodium salt balance and extracellular volume. Estimation of extracellular volume is more complex and error prone than measurement of TBW. A key function of extracellular volume, which is defined as the effective arterial blood volume (EABV), is to ensure adequate perfusion of cells and organs. Other factors, including cardiac output, total and regional capacity of both arteries and veins, Starling forces in the capillaries, and gravity also affect the EABV. Collectively, these factors interact closely with extracellular volume and some of them undergo substantial changes in certain acute and chronic severe illnesses. Their changes result not only in extracellular volume expansion, but in the need for a larger extracellular volume compared with that of healthy individuals. Assessing extracellular volume in severe illness is challenging because the estimates of this volume by commonly used methods are prone to large errors in many illnesses. In addition, the optimal extracellular volume may vary from illness to illness, is only partially based on volume measurements by traditional methods, and has not been determined for each illness. Further research is needed to determine optimal extracellular volume levels in several illnesses. For these reasons, extracellular volume in severe illness merits a separate third concept of body fluid balance.

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Section: Body Fluid Balance As a Function Of Extracellular Fluid Volumentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid balance concepts in medicine: Principles and practice

Roumelioti¹,

Glew²,

Khitan³

et al. 2018

WJN

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“…Current flows by two mechanisms: directly through the fluid and indirectly across cell membranes [ 20 ]. Low frequency current does not pass through cells; instead, current flows through the extracellular fluid [ 21 ]. However, the cell membrane capacitor charges and discharges the current at a high frequency.…”

Section: Principles Of Bioelectrical Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical usefulness of bioimpedance analysis for assessing volume status in patients receiving maintenance dialysis

Park

Lee

2018

Korean J Intern Med

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Chronic volume overload is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and high cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing dialysis. Therefore, estimating body fluid status is important in these patients. However, most dry-weight assessments are still performed clinically, while attempts have been made to measure the volume status and dry weight of patients undergoing dialysis using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). BIA uses the electrical properties of the human body to alternate current flow and measures resistance values to estimate body water content and composition. BIA is divided into single-frequency BIA, multi-frequency BIA, and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) according to the number of frequencies used, and into whole-body and segmental BIA according to whether or not the whole body is divided into segments. Extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water, and total body water (TBW) contents can be measured with BIA. Dry weight can be estimated by measuring the volume overload of the patient through the ECW/TBW and ECW-to-body weight ratios. Other estimation methods include the normovolemia/hypervolemia slope method, a resistance-reactance (RXc) graph, overhydration measurements using a body composition monitor, and calf BIS. In this review, we will examine the principles of BIA, introduce various volume status measurement methods, and identify the optimal method for patients undergoing dialysis.

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“…Hence, it flows mostly through the extracellular fluid. When the frequency increases, the charge–discharge process is getting so fast that the cell membrane effect is very small and current flow through the cell [ 55 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of a Lab Bench for the Unobtrusive Monitoring of the Bladder Fullness with Bioimpedance Measurements

Gaubert

Gidik

Končar

2020

Sensors

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(1) Background: millions of people, from children to the elderly, suffer from bladder dysfunctions all over the world. Monitoring bladder fullness with appropriate miniaturized textile devices can improve, significantly, their daily life quality, or even cure them. Amongst the existing bladder sensing technologies, bioimpedance spectroscopy seems to be the most appropriate one to be integrated into textiles. (2) Methods: to assess the feasibility of monitoring the bladder fullness with textile-based bioimpedance spectroscopy; an innovative lab-bench has been designed and fabricated. As a step towards obtaining a more realistic pelvic phantom, ex vivo pig’s bladder and skin were used. The electrical properties of the fabricated pelvic phantom have been compared to those of two individuals with tetrapolar impedance measurements. The measurements’ reproducibility on the lab bench has been evaluated and discussed. Moreover, its suitability for the continuous monitoring of the bladder filling has been investigated. (3) Results: although the pelvic phantom failed in reproducing the frequency-dependent electrical properties of human tissues, it was found to be suitable at 5 kHz to record bladder volume change. The resistance variations recorded are proportional to the conductivity of the liquid filling the bladder. A 350 mL filling with artificial urine corresponds to a decrease in resistance of 7.2%, which was found to be in the same range as in humans. (4) Conclusions: based on that resistance variation; the instantaneous bladder fullness can be extrapolated. The presented lab-bench will be used to evaluate the ability of textiles electrodes to unobtrusively monitor the bladder volume.

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Estimation of body fluids with bioimpedance spectroscopy: state of the art methods and proposal of novel methods

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Fluid balance concepts in medicine: Principles and practice

Fluid balance concepts in medicine: Principles and practice

Clinical usefulness of bioimpedance analysis for assessing volume status in patients receiving maintenance dialysis

Proposal of a Lab Bench for the Unobtrusive Monitoring of the Bladder Fullness with Bioimpedance Measurements

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