Estimating tuberculosis burden and case detection in Pakistan

Fatima, Razia; Rj, Harris; Da, Enarson; Hinderaker, S. G.; Qadeer, Ejaz; Khosrowbeygi, Ali; Bassili, Amal

doi:10.5588/ijtld.13.0198

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The incidence was 231 per 100,000 population in 2012 that only 64% of new cases were determined and unknown number of patients were missed out. The incidence of tuberculosis in 2013 was 275 in 100,000 population [25,26]. h) Iraq Iraq is among seven tuberculosis contaminated in the eastern Mediterranean countries and occupied rank 108 4 Zahedan J Res Med Sci.…”

Section: Tuberculosis In Neighboring Countries Of Iranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Iran and Neighboring Countries

Tavakoli

2017

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major public health concerns in many countries, however the available and effective treatment is known. Tuberculosis typically determined with socio-economic problems such as war, malnutrition and HIV prevalence. In Iran, many progresses are carried to control tuberculosis but, different factors such as immigration from neighboring countries are affective to tuberculosis infection. Objectives: In this paper, the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis is evaluated in different regions of Iran and neighboring countries. Methods: The data are collected from different and valid sources such as Scopus, Pubmed and also many reports from world health organization (WHO) and center of disease control and prevention (CDC) for a period of 25 years (1990 -2015) evaluated for Iran and neighboring countries. Results: This study as a descriptive-analytical research is conducted cross-sectional among Iran and neighboring countries since 1990. The information is obtained from exact and valid informative data from web of sciences. The east and west border countries of Iran which are faced with war and immigration in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iraq are source of tuberculosis infection that effect on tuberculosis prevalence in Iran. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 and Excel 2013. Conclusions:The incidence of tuberculosis in Iran has been decreased because of many controlling actions such as BCG vaccination, electronic reporting system for tuberculosis and free access to tuberculosis medication. Some of Iran neighboring countries such as Tajikistan and Pakistan have the highest incidence of tuberculosis which known as a challenge for tuberculosis control in Iran while Saudi Arabia and Turkey have the lowest incidence.

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Section: Tuberculosis In Neighboring Countries Of Iranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Iran and Neighboring Countries

Tavakoli

2017

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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“…1 Furthermore, a capture-recapture study showed an underestimation of TB incidence in Pakistan compared to official estimates, with an actual case detection rate of only 32%. 2 All this implies that we are currently 'missing' many patients with TB. This is a global problem; the latest WHO report states that worldwide there are 4.3 million TB cases who are 'missing', i.e., undiagnosed, untreated or treated in the private sector but not reported.…”

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Alarming rates of attrition among tuberculosis patients in public-private facilities in Lahore, Pakistan

Khan¹,

Kumar

Stewart

et al. 2017

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“…Case detection is part of the diagnostic process from the identification of the respiratory symptom to laboratory confirmation. The reporting is an action subsequent to the diagnostic confirmation that allows an accompaniment of the disease, aiming at the dissemination of the information to the management organs in order to assist in the decision making for the control of the disease (1,3) . Although several researchers emphasize the importance of detecting and notifying TB cases for disease control (1,(4)(5)(6) , in Mozambique these actions fall far short of the numbers estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) (4) .…”

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Obstacles in the detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases: a discursive analysis

et al. 2018

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Objective: To analyze the discourses of health professionals about the obstacles in the process of detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases in Mozambique. Method: Qualitative exploratory study with a theoretical-methodological approach of Discourse Analysis of French matrix. The study was conducted in Mozambique in 2014 at three levels: central, provincial and district. The study included 15 health professionals, 4 physicians, 6 technicians and 5 nursing professionals, who worked in the National Tuberculosis Control Program, with more than 1 year of experience. Result: The following discursive blocks emerged: Detection of tuberculosis cases in laboratories; Underreporting of tuberculosis cases; Obstacles to detect cases of tuberculosis: long distances and lack of transport; and Reporting of cases for decision making. Final considerations: The discourses analyzed point to the ideological affi liation that includes the lack of investment policies in the health sector and the political commitment as basic obstacles in the detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases. Descriptors: Tuberculosis; Social Policy; Health Policy; Health Service; Nursing in Public Health. RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os discursos dos profi ssionais de saúde acerca das barreiras no processo de detecção e notifi cação dos casos de tuberculose em Moçambique. Método: Estudo exploratório qualitativo com abordagem teórico-metodológica da Análise de Discurso de matriz francesa. O estudo foi realizado em Moçambique, no ano de 2014, em três níveis: central, provincial e distrital. Fizeram parte do estudo 15 profi ssionais de saúde, sendo 4 médicos, 6 técnicos e 5 profi ssionais de enfermagem, que atuavam no Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose, com mais de 1 ano de experiência. Resultado: Emergiram os seguintes blocos discursivos: Detecção dos casos da tuberculose em laboratórios; Subnotifi cação dos casos da tuberculose; Barreiras para detecção de casos de tuberculose: longas distâncias e falta de transporte; e Notifi cação dos casos para a tomada de decisão. Considerações fi nais: Os discursos analisados apontam para a fi liação ideológica que compreende a falta de políticas de investimento no setor da saúde e do comprometimento político como barreiras basilares na detecção e notifi cação dos casos da tuberculose.

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Estimating tuberculosis burden and case detection in Pakistan

Abstract: The study estimated that the proportion of cases notified to the NTP was low, with actual incidence rates being higher than official estimates. TB surveillance should be strengthened to reduce under-reporting.

Cited by 34 publications

References 77 publications

Incidence and Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Iran and Neighboring Countries

Incidence and Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Iran and Neighboring Countries

Alarming rates of attrition among tuberculosis patients in public-private facilities in Lahore, Pakistan

Obstacles in the detection and reporting of tuberculosis cases: a discursive analysis

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