Estimating the costs of cervical cancer screening in high-burden Sub-Saharan African countries

Mvundura, Mercy; Tsu, Vivien

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.02.012

Cited by 33 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The disproportionately high burden of cervical cancer in developing countries and elsewhere in medically underserved populations is largely due to a lack of screening that allows detection of precancerous and early stage cervical cancer (Parkin et al, 2008;Mathew and George, 2009;Vizcaino et al, 2000). The most simple, efficient and cost-effective screening technique in low-resource countries is visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) (Sherris et al, 2009;Mvundura and Tsu, 2014), which performs well in identifying precancerous lesions (Sherris et al, 2009;Sauvaget et al, 2011). Different studies have demonstrated that using VIA, trained physicians and other health service providers can correctly identify between 45 and 79% of women at high risk of developing cervical cancer (Sherris et al, 2009).…”

Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different studies have demonstrated that using VIA, trained physicians and other health service providers can correctly identify between 45 and 79% of women at high risk of developing cervical cancer (Sherris et al, 2009). In addition to screening, VIA is the lowest-cost option for treating precancerous cervical lesion which significantly decreases cervical cancer deaths (Mvundura and Tsu, 2014).…”

Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia

Misgina¹,

Belay²,

Abraha³

2017

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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Literature shows that cervical cancer is very prevalent among women living in low resource settings.Once it progresses to invasive cervical cancer, its cost is very high. Thus, screening cervical cancer is highly recommended in poor settings including Ethiopia, where the disease burden is very high. However, little is documented on the prevalence and determinants of precancerous cervical lesion among healthy women. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with precancerous cervical lesion among women working in Almeda textile factory, Adwa, North Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20 to 25, 2016 among women working in Almeda textile factory in North Ethiopia. Three hundred forty-two women were included in this study. Data were collected using a structured checklist. SPSS version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. The mean (± SD) age of the respondents included in this study was 32.95 (± 6.94). In this study, the overall prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 6.7% (95% CI: 4.4, 9.6). Being infected with sexually transmitted infections [AOR=49.88, 95% CI: (16.59, 149.91)] was significantly associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. In conclusion, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was high among women working in Almeda textile factory in North Ethiopia. Therefore, cervical cancer screening and treatment services should be initiated and expanded to reduce morbidity from cervical cancer and its adverse effects.

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Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia

Misgina¹,

Belay²,

Abraha³

2017

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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“…51 There are extensive challenges with implementing cytology-based cervical cancer screening programs in areas with limited health care services and personnel, 52,53 though a recent study suggests it would cost less than US $10 per woman screened to decrease by 50% the cervical cancer deaths that will occur in sub-Saharan Africa over the next 10 y. 54 With the introduction of primary prevention of HPV infection through vaccination, there is a new paradigm for cervical cancer prevention; however, the use of and widespread implementation of the prophylactic vaccines in subSaharan Africa has posed several challenges, including affordability, implementation challenges (e.g., cold chain), public acceptability, and prediction and monitoring of the populationlevel impact of cervical cancer prevention programs, as the time a The per-protocol immunogenicity population includes all subjects who did not violate the protocol, received all 3 vaccinations within acceptable day ranges, were seronegative at day 1 and PCR negative day 1 through month 7 for the relevant HPV type(s), and had a month 7 serum sample collected within an acceptable day range. For samples measuring below the limit of quantification of the assay, a value of half that of the lower limit of quantification was used.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in healthy females between 9 and 26 years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mugo

Ansah

Marino

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…It can be used as a primary cervical screening and prevention strategy or used to evaluate need for cryotherapy and other forms of treatment in women who have positive HPV test or abnormal Pap cytology test 33 . A recent economic analysis estimated that $3.0-$7.31 and $38 to $71 is required per woman to conduct VIA and to treat those who will need either cryotherapy or loop electro-surgical excision procedure (LEEP), respectively 34 . An earlier study done in a neighboring West African country with similar demographics estimated a national annual program 35 cost of between 0.6 and 4.0 million US dollars with coverage being the major variable that determines cost.…”

Section: Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid (Via) and Treatment With mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Societal Investment to Improve Cervical Cancer Outcomes in Nigeria: A commentary

Musa

2017

Afr J Reprod Health

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Although cervical cancer is a preventable cancer with a well-known natural history, it remains a huge burden in developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa where organized cervical cancer screening services are lacking. Developed countries that have invested on providing organized screening programs have made substantial progress in reducing both incidence and mortality due to cervical cancer. Implementing evidence-based interventions such as human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of young girls, early detection and treatment of premalignant conditions of the cervix through conventional Pap cytology, HPV screening or visual aided inspection with acetic acid could significantly reduce incidence of new cases at population level. Societal investment for such preventive services and provision of effective treatment for those diagnosed at early stages will yield economic benefits in reducing premature deaths of women at the prime of their productive lives. From a societal perspective, this should be a priority area for national investment towards the achievement of sustainable development in Nigeria and similar settings in Africa. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[4]: 17-23).Keywords: Cancer prevention, treatment, society, cervical cancer RésuméBien que le cancer du col de l'utérus soit un cancer évitable avec une histoire naturelle bien connue, il reste un lourd fardeau dans les pays en développement d'Afrique subsaharienne où les services organisés de dépistage du cancer du col de l'utérus font défaut. Les pays développés qui ont investi dans la mise en place de programmes de dépistage organisés ont fait des progrès substantiels dans la réduction de l'incidence et de la mortalité dues au cancer du col de l'utérus. La mise en oeuvre d'interventions fondées sur des données probantes comme la vaccination des jeunes filles contre le papillomavirus humain (VPH), la détection précoce et le traitement des pathologies précancéreuses du col utérin par la cytologie des frottis vaginaux conventionnelle, le dépistage du VPH ou l'inspection visuelle assistée par l'acide acétique pourraient réduire de manière significative la fréquence des nouveaux cas au niveau de la population. L'investissement sociétal pour de tels services préventifs et la fourniture d'un traitement efficace aux personnes diagnostiquées à un stade précoce produiront des bénéfices économiques en réduisant les décès prématurés des femmes quand elles sont dans la fleur de leur vie productive. D'un point de vue sociétal, cela devrait constituer un domaine prioritaire pour l'investissement national en vue de la réalisation du développement durable au Nigeria et dans des contextes similaires en Afrique. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[4]: 17-23).

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Estimating the costs of cervical cancer screening in high-burden Sub-Saharan African countries

Abstract: It would take less than US $10 per woman screened to significantly decrease the cervical cancer deaths that will occur in Sub-Saharan Africa over the next 10 years.

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia

Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among women in North Ethiopia

Evaluation of safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in healthy females between 9 and 26 years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa

The Need for Societal Investment to Improve Cervical Cancer Outcomes in Nigeria: A commentary

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