Estimating soil erosion losses in Korea with fallout cesium-137

Menzel, R. G.; Jung, Pil-Kyun; Ryu, Kwan-Shig; Um, K.T.

doi:10.1016/0883-2889(87)90098-0

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, the δ 15 N value is expected to be higher for reference soils with long residence times than for the eroding slope samples. Similar as for the δ 13 C depth profile, the δ 15 N increased with soil depth as has been reported at many other sites (Mariotti et al, 1980;Nadelhoffer and Fry, 1988;Riga et al, 1971). However, for our samples we could not observe a difference of the average δ 15 N signature in the topsoil between the reference and the erosion sites (Fig.…”

Section: Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes As Indicators Of Soil Ersupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The δ 13 C depth profile showed an increase with depth for both transect and reference samples. Increasing δ 13 C values with depth are typical for oxic, welldrained soils (Balesdent et al, 1993;Chen et al, 2002;Novak et al, 2003), because aerobic decomposition favors selective loss of 12 C (Nadelhoffer and Fry, 1988;Beckerheidmann and Scharpenseel, 1989;Ågren et al, 1996).…”

Section: Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes As Indicators Of Soil Ermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greater the value of the shape factor h 0 , the deeper 137 Cs penetrates into the soil . The main 137 Cs fallout at our site occurred during the peak of the atomic bomb tests in 1963 (Menzel et al, 1987). Thus, the total soil erosion at a point can be expressed as Zhang et al, 1990)…”

Section: Cs Analysis and Estimation Of Soil Erosion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…137 Cs, 90 Sr, 239 + 240 Pu) in Korean soils or sediments have been investigated mostly through radioecological studies and surveys in terrestrial and marine environments (Lee et al, 1997(Lee et al, , 1998Park et al, 2004), to assess the environmental impacts of Korean nuclear power plants (NPP) (Cha et al, 2006), to date sediment and evaluate sedimentation in ponds and lakes (Nahm et al, 2010) and to evaluate the radioactive fallout associated with the recent accident of the Fukushima NPP (Hong et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2012). However the use of FRN and especially 137 Cs as a soil erosion tracer for assessing soil erosion rates is scarce in Korea (Menzel et al, 1987). 137 Cs is an anthropogenic isotope produced from the testing of thermonuclear weapons during the 1950s and 1960s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Combined use of stable isotopes and fallout radionuclides as soil erosion indicators in a forested mountain site, South Korea

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The aim of this study is to assess and to validate the suitability of the stable nitrogen and carbon isotope signature as soil erosion indicators in a mountain forest site in South Korea. Our approach is based on the comparison of the isotope signature of "stable" landscape positions (reference sites), which are neither affected by erosion nor deposition, with eroding sites. For undisturbed soils we expect that the enrichment of δ15N and δ13C with soil depth, due to fractionation during decomposition, goes in parallel with a decrease in nitrogen and carbon content. Soil erosion processes potentially weaken this correlation. The 137Cs method and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) were applied for the soil erosion quantification. Erosion rates obtained with the 137Cs method range from 0.9 t ha−1 yr−1 to 7 t ha−1 yr−1. Considering the steep slopes of up to 40° and the erosive monsoon events (R factor of 6600 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr –1), the rates are plausible and within the magnitude of the RUSLE-modeled soil erosion rates, varying from 0.02 t ha−1 yr−1 to 5.1 t ha−1 yr−1. The soil profiles of the reference sites showed significant (p < 0.0001) correlations between nitrogen and carbon content and its corresponding δ15N and δ13C signatures. In contrast, for the eroding sites this relationship was weaker and for the carbon not significant. These results confirm the usefulness of the stable carbon isotope signature as a qualitative indicator for soil disturbance. We could show further that the δ15N isotope signature can be used similarly for uncultivated sites. We thus propose that the stable δ15N and δ13C signature of soil profiles could serve as additional indicators confirming the accurate choice of the reference site in soil erosion studies using the 137Cs method.

show abstract

Section: Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes As Indicators Of Soil Ersupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes As Indicators Of Soil Ermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cs Analysis and Estimation Of Soil Erosion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Combined use of stable isotopes and fallout radionuclides as soil erosion indicators in a forested mountain site, South Korea

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This equation has been used to estimate erosion rates through cesium-137 measurements by several researches (McIntyre et al, 1987, Menzel et al, 1987, Lowrance et al, 1988. Although equation (2) …”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of cesium-137 methodology in the evaluation of superficial erosive processes

Andrello

Guimarães

Appoloni

et al. 2003

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Superficial erosion is one of the main soil degradation agents and erosion rates estimations for different edaphicclimate conditions for the conventional models, as USLE and RUSLE, are expensive and time-consuming. The use of cesium -137 antrophogenic radionuclide is a new methodology that has been much studied and its application in the erosion soil evaluation has grown in countries as USA, UK, Australia and others. A brief narration of this methodology is being presented, as the development of the equations utilized for the erosion rates

show abstract

Caesium-137 soil sampling and inventory variability in reference locations: A literature survey

Sutherland

1996

Hydrol. Process.

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil sampling design, the number of samples collected and the lateral variation of caesium-137 (I3'Cs) in uneroded reference locations were extracted from previously published work. The focus was on published work which used 137Cs reference inventory (Bq m-*) for qualitative or quantitative estimation of sediment redistribution SRD within the landscape. The objective of this study was to address one of the methodological concerns facing the Cs technique -that is. the lack of a rigorous statistical treatment of reference locations. The limited attention paid to the reference location is not justified as 'true' estimates of SRD are based on the assumption of an unbiased, independent, random probability sample estimate, commonly the arithmetic mean. Results from the literature survey indicated that only 1 1 % of the reference locations sampled for 137Cs expressly stated that a probability sampling design was used (transect or systematic-aligned grid). The remaining locations were generally sampled using a non-probability based design, more commonly known as haphazard sampling. Of the 75 reference study areas identified only 40 provided enough information to determine the dispersion around the mean, and from this the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for all available data. The median CV was 19.3%, with 95% confidence limits of 13.0-23.4%, indicating that a proximately 1 1 random, independent samples would generally be necessary to adequately quantify the reference ''Cs area activity with an allowable error of 10% at 90% confidence. Further analysis indicated that only one-third of the studies sampled a sufficient number of I3'Cs reference locations. This value would actually be lower as sampling frameworks were based on non-probability sampling procedures. For '37Cs reference locations it is recommended that a probability sampling design be utilized, preferably the systematic-aligned grid method, and as a minimum first-order estimate about 1 1 samples should be collected for inventory estimates. '. '

show abstract

Estimating soil erosion losses in Korea with fallout cesium-137

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Combined use of stable isotopes and fallout radionuclides as soil erosion indicators in a forested mountain site, South Korea

Combined use of stable isotopes and fallout radionuclides as soil erosion indicators in a forested mountain site, South Korea

Use of cesium-137 methodology in the evaluation of superficial erosive processes

Caesium-137 soil sampling and inventory variability in reference locations: A literature survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About