Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR) – A Marker for the Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background and Aims: Studies have shown an increased incidence of chronic complications in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with insulin resistance (IR) compared to people with T1DM without IR. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is an important indicator of IR in patients with T1DM, lower eGDR levels indicating greater IR. It was shown that T1DM patients with chronic complications (diabetic retinopathy - DR, diabetic peripheral neuropathy - DPN or diabetic kidney disease - DKD) exhibit higher IR compared to patients without chronic complications. The aim of our study was to evaluate eGDR as a marker for the assessment of IR in T1DM patients.Materials and Methods: The study was observational, cross-sectional and included 140 T1DM patients with diabetes duration>10 years. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).Results: eGDR presented statistically significant correlations (p<0.05) with the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), obesity, chronic complications of T1DM, cardiovascular risk (CVR) and smoking status in patients with T1DM duration >10 years.Conclusions: eGDR represents a reliable marker for assessing the IR in T1DM.

Serum Selenoprotein P level is not indicative of Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Single Center Experience

“…In this study, patients who had low eGDR had higher weight SDS, BMI SDS and waist / hip ratio. This was similar to study conducted by Mihaela L. Bîcu et al who found that obese patients had lower eGDR in comparison with lean subjects (19). Higher insulin doses and an increase in the rate of hypoglycemia may be possible causes for development of obesity and subsequent insulin resistance in T1DM cases (20).…”

Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Patient’s Micro- and Macrovascular Complications, Sex Hormones, and Other Clinical Data

“…Moreover, negative CVD outcomes were also related to longer diabetes duration and lower HbA1c. Bicu et al [13] also found that eGDR was strongly negatively correlated with CVD events in patients with T1D and diabetes duration longer than 10 years. Interesting, that lower HbA1c had a negative effect on CVD outcomes.…”

“…Better knowledge of factors controlling IR in T1D is important not least because of strong evidence for the relationship between IR and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [4,8,9]. Several studies [10][11][12][13] have also shown a clear association between IR and an increased incidence of chronic complications in people with T1DM.…”

“…Lower eGDR was related to higher IR in many studies [10][11][12][13]. Epstein et al's study [10] explored inter-ethnic differences in eGDR, while other authors searched for a relation between eGDR and a certain chronic diabetes complication (retinopathy, nephropathy, or cardiovascular), or among eGDR and a diabetes complication and metabolic syndrome (MS) for long-standing disease.…”

Association between Serum Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional, Single Center Study from Egypt

“…In patients with T1D, the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has been proven to be a key indicator of IR, with decreased eGDR levels suggesting IR [7].…”