Estimate of the Risk of Post Transfusion Hepatitis B in Jakarta, Indonesia

Blood samples were collected from 7572 healthy volunteer blood donors from 21 of the 27 Indonesian provinces, and tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) using the new second-generation enzyme immunosorbent assay, and also tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). We detected anti-HCV in 2.1% of the blood donors. No statistically significant difference was found between males and females or between locations, but there was a statistically significant increasing likelihood of anti-HCV prevalence with increasing age. HBsAg was found in 8.8% of the 3839 tested donors. There was no statistically significant difference between sexes or age groups, but there was a statistically significant higher prevalence in the islands of Sulawesi and eastern Indonesia. Only 7 individuals, from 5 locations, were both anti-HCV and HBsAg positive. Based on responses to a questionnaire, a history of surgery, blood transfusion, intravenous medication, and acupuncture were identified as risk factors for the presence of anti-HCV. No such risk factor was identified for HBsAg prevalence. The combined data suggest separate modes of transmission for the 2 viruses, and indicate the need for continued surveillance for these agents in Indonesian blood banks.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in healthy Indonesian blood donors

Sulaiman

Julitasari

Sie³

et al. 1995

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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The Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis A and B in the Asia-Pacific Region

Brown

1987

Asia Pac J Public Health

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Published studies of the serological markers of hepatitis A (anti-HAV) and hepatitis B (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc) in populations of the Asia-Pacific region have been tabulated and analysed for information about the extent and pattern of virus exposure, with a view to identifying areas in need of further study, and to formulating strategies for eventual immunisation programmes. Hepatitis A infection is shifting to older age groups as it slowly disappears from developed countries such as Australia and Japan, and poses the paradox of fewer but potentially more severe illnesses. Except for some small island populations of Oceania, where it may strike periodically in epidemic fashion, hepatitis A continues to be an endemic, ubiquitous childhood infection in the rest of the Asia-Pacific region. As subclinical or mild infection is the rule in children, indiscriminate immunisation of the general population does not seem advisable. Hepatitis B infection is also least common in Australia, and only moderately more frequent in New Zealand and Japan, which can probably afford to restrict immunisation to high-risk population subsets. Taiwan, southeast China, and most of the perimeter countries of the Western Pacific, show an early, high prevalence of infection, which when considered in the light of the high frequency of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma in these countries, justifies nation-wide immunisation programmes carried out in early childhood. Infection is also widespread among Oceanic populations, but as there is little or no information for most of these populations about the frequency of late sequelae of hepatitis B, immunisation may not be urgent, or even appropriate.

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Estimate of the Risk of Post Transfusion Hepatitis B in Jakarta, Indonesia

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in healthy Indonesian blood donors

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in healthy Indonesian blood donors

The Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis A and B in the Asia-Pacific Region

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