Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in healthy Indonesian blood donors

Sulaiman, H. Ali; Julitasari,; Sie, Annie; Rustam, Masri; Melani, W.; Corwin, Andrew L.; Jennings, Gerald B.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90480-8

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…24 Of these 161 samples, 102 were available in sufficient quantities to allow repeat PCR analysis. Of these 102 samples analyzed, 67 (65.7%) gave HCV-specific positive signals by PCR of the 5'-UTR of HCV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic analysis of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Indonesia.

Inoue¹,

Sulaiman²,

Matsubayashi³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.A study was conducted to describe the genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a population of positive blood donors from throughout Indonesia. Repeat analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of 102 anti-HCV positive samples showed that 67 gave HCV-specific positive signals by the PCR for the 5Ј-untranslated genomic region of HCV. Further genotypic analysis on 64 HCV RNA-positive samples indicated that 57 belonged to the following individual genotypes: 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, and 3b. The predominant HCV genotypes in this donor population were 1b (57.8 %), 2a (17.2 %), and 3b (10.9 %). The core sequences of the 4 indeterminate samples when aligned with published sequences of various HCV genotypes showed a range of homology from 16.16% to 78.67%. Comparative analysis of genotypic representation from other anti-HCV-positive study populations, including polytransfused pediatric and adult renal dialysis groups, is now being carried out to determine the potential genotypic association with mechanistic HCV spread.Ever since its molecular characterization in 1989, hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to be the major cause of acute and chronic blood borne non-A non-B hepatitis and the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide (for a review see 1,[2][3][4] . This initial molecular characterization led to the use of genomic sequence information from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-assisted amplified partial and/or full length HCV RNA on viral isolates as a means to classify these isolates into genetic groups, genotypes, and subtypes, and to the definition of primers, probes and first-and second-round PCR techniques to identify, group, and classify known and unknown isolates of HCVs worldwide. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] An accumulation of such sequence information has led to the definition of HCV types, subtypes, and genetic groups. So far, 6 major HCV types and more than 74 different subtypes have been catalogued, and the number continues to grow as new isolates are sequenced and more countries are included in the sampling of HCV. However, whether genetic group, sub-type, and even type influence clinical outcome, response to therapy, and immune response remains to be established. Such sequence information and typing/subtyping data is nonetheless considered important for a number of reasons, some of which include the fact that such databases are critical to 1) the understanding of the global, regional and national epidemiology of HCV virus infection and transmission, 2) the design and evaluation of serologic assays, 3) the rational design of vaccine candidates against these isolates, 4) the study of the differences in the response of such HCV-infected patients to therapy with agents such as interferon-alpha, 17,18 and 5) the study of the diverse clinical outcomes associated with such diverse viruses. The clinical outcome of HCV infection is markedly variable ranging form subclinical, self-limiting infection to end-stage liver disease with...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic analysis of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Indonesia.

Inoue¹,

Sulaiman²,

Matsubayashi³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Acupuncture, tattooing, and folk medicines have been associated with an increased risk of HCV seropositivity in several studies from Asia (see Kao and Chen, 2000, for a review), including Japan (Michitaka et al, 1991;Kiyosawa et al, 1994), Taiwan (Sun et al, 1999), Indonesia (Sulaiman et al, 1995) and South Korea (Shin et al, 2000). The relative risk in people after acupuncture ranged between 1.9 (Michitaka et al, 1991) and 3.3 (Shin et al, 2000) and tended to increase with the increase in acupuncture sessions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C virus prevalence in a rural area of South Korea: the role of acupuncture

Shin

Kim

et al. 2002

Br J Cancer

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A cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of and the risk factors for hepatitis C and B viruses among 700 adults above the age of 40 years in a rural area of South Korea. Seropositivity for hepatitis C virus antibody (11.0%, 95% confidence interval: 8.7 -13.6) was higher than that for hepatitis B surface antigen (4.4%, 95% confidence interval: 3.0 -6.2). Anti-hepatitis C virus seropositivity was associated with a history of repeated acupuncture (odds ratio=2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.1 -4.0), and blood transfusion (odds ratio=5.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.6 -19.3) before 1992 when hepatitis C virus screening in blood donors became mandatory. Hepatitis C virus 2a was the most prevalent genotype, followed by 1b. Hepatitis C virus risk attributable to acupuncture was 38% (9% for men and 55% for women). Safer acupuncture practice has become a priority for hepatitis C virus prevention in South Korea. Liver cancer mortality in South Korea is one of the highest in the world at 30.3 and 9.7 per 100 000 for men and women, respectively (world age-standardised WHO, 1998). Both hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) infection are strong risk factors for the development of liver cancer in South Korea (Shin et al, 1996), as well as in other countries (IARC, 1994). In 1991, HBV was found to be the most important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korea (Yoo et al, 1991). Since then, however, HCV infection has shown a stronger association in elderly HCC patients (Lee et al, 1993;Huh et al, 1998).Since the introduction of an HCV antibody (anti-HCV) test for screening blood donors in Korea in April 1991, HCV exposure among blood recipients has decreased. However, HCV transmission may still be prevalent in certain areas, due to such practices as acupuncture. Indeed, a history of acupuncture has been reported by more than one third of subjects in a study in South Korea (Shin et al, 2000). Major indications for acupuncture include arthritis and other joint diseases, the sequelae of trauma, headache, and a broad range of minor diseases not responding to conventional medical treatments (http://www.acu.pe.kr).A survey in 1993 in a rural district showed a high prevalence of anti-HCV (5.5% among subjects over 10 years of age) and suggested a role for parenteral viral exposure other than blood transfusion (Shin et al, 2000). We therefore conducted a crosssectional study in a different part of the same rural area. METHODS Study area and subjectsThe study area was in a rural part of south-east Korea (population 4500) where mortality rates for liver cancer are 120% and 50% higher than the national average in men and women, respectively (Lee et al, 2001). The majority of the population in the study area is employed in agriculture, and their socio-cultural characteristics are similar to those in other rural areas in Korea.In 1999, the 2299 inhabitants of the area over 40 years of age formed the target population for a survey in the preparation for a large prospective cohort study (Yoo et al, 2002). The survey aimed...

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“…The rates of anti-HCV antibodies were 2.3z, 76.3z, and 64.7z in healthy blood donors, patients on maintenance hemodialysis, and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. Another study reported an HCV prevalence of 2.1z in the general Indonesian population (31). Interestingly, a high HCV infection rate of 6.5z was found among transgender people in Surabaya, Indonesia; however, HCV is less likely to be sexually transmitted.…”

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confidence: 97%

High Rates of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections and Uncommon HBV Genotype/Subtype and HCV Subtype Distributions among Transgender Individuals in Surabaya, Indonesia

et al. 2016

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SUMMARY:Transgender people are at a high risk for sexually transmitted viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, Indonesia has a moderate-to-high rate of HBV infection and rapid epidemic growth of HIV infection; hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can co-occur with HBV and HIV infections. In this study, 10 of 107 individuals (9.3z) were positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and/or HBV DNA, whereas 19 of 101 individuals (18.8z) with negative results for HBsAg were positive for HBV core antibody (anti-HBc). Seven of the 107 individuals (6.5z) were anti-HCV positive, and 16 of the 100 tested samples (16.0z) were HIV positive. Genotype and subtype analyses of all 10 HBV DNA (6 HBsAg positive and 4 anti-HBc positive) strains showed that 3 were of the HBV genotype/HBsAg subtype C/adrq ＋ , one was of C/adw2, and 5 were of B/adw2. The HCV subtype distribution showed that 33.3z were of HCV-1b, and 66.7z were of HCV-3k (n ＝ 6). These distributions differed from those found in the general population of Surabaya, Indonesia. Interestingly, HIV subtype analysis showed a high prevalence of HIV, with possible recombinants of CRF01_AE and subtype B.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in healthy Indonesian blood donors

Cited by 50 publications

References 20 publications

Genotypic analysis of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Indonesia.

Genotypic analysis of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Indonesia.

Hepatitis B and C virus prevalence in a rural area of South Korea: the role of acupuncture

High Rates of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections and Uncommon HBV Genotype/Subtype and HCV Subtype Distributions among Transgender Individuals in Surabaya, Indonesia

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