Esterase Inhibition Technique for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides

McKinley, W. P.; Read, Sheila I.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/45.2.467

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Some '-alkylcarbamates of dicyclopropyl ketoneoxime were reported in 1959 to be toxic to animals (4). Aryl carbamates of some simple ketoximese.g., acetone-have been described as herbicides (9), and alkyl and aryl carbamates of a series of hydroxamic acid chlorides have been reported to be fungicides (3).…”

Section: Use Of Purified Zectranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbamate Insecticides, Photodecomposition of Carbamate Insecticides

Crosby¹,

Leitis²,

Winterlin³

1965

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Section: Use Of Purified Zectranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbamate Insecticides, Photodecomposition of Carbamate Insecticides

Crosby¹,

Leitis²,

Winterlin³

1965

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Extracts of treated larvae were separated with system I into the major hydrolysis products and unchanged acaricide. The in vivo inhibitors on chromatograms from tran8-dioxathion treatments were detected using larval esterases as a modification of the enzyme-spray technique of McKinley and Johal (1963). Separation of the in vivo inhibitor was also attempted using methyl cyanide and n-hexane as solvent pair in a counter-current distribution apparatus.…”

Section: (J) Separation Of Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mechanism of Resistance to Organophosphorus Acaricides in A Strain of the Cattle Tick Boophilus Microplus

Ca¹,

Wj²,

Hj³

1968

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Radioactive coumaphos, diazinon, cis- and trans-dioxathion, and dioxene derivative of dioxathion individually gave similar results for penetration and metabolism in larvae of an organophosphorus-resistant and an organophosphorussusceptible strain of cattle tick. The phosphorothionates, coumaphos and diazinon, were metabolized to their respective oxygen analogues, diethyl thiophosphate and diethyl phosphate. The dioxathion components, phosphorothiolothionates, were metabolized additionally to diethyl dithiophosphate. The production of cholinesteraseinhibiting oxidation metabolites from the dioxathion components was shown indirectly by the considerable lowering of acetylcholinesterase activity in treated larvae and by assays for enzyme inhibitors in larvae treated with trans-dioxathion_

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“…In practice, sample processing techniques and the devices used have been much the same for generations. Out of curiosity, we randomly perused two analytical journals from 1909 and 1962 and saw little difference in how sample processing was described in food analysis then versus now. , For example, Emmett and Grindley wrote “The portions of the resulting lean beef were each thoroughly sampled by grinding them in a chopper” . Perhaps if as much attention had been placed on comminution as the other steps in analytical methods over time, valuable advancements would have been made in sample processing, leading to even better practical benefits and analytical performance than realized today.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of an Efficient Measurement Uncertainty Approach To Compare Room Temperature and Cryogenic Sample Processing in the Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Foods

Han

Lehotay

Sapozhnikova

2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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In this study, analytical results were compared when using different approaches to bulk food sample comminution, consisting of a vertical chopper (Blixer) at room temperature and dry ice cryogenic conditions, followed by further subsample processing (20 g) using liquid nitrogen cryogenic conditions (cryomill). Analysis of the 43 targeted spiked and incurred contaminants in a food mixture consisting of equal parts orange, apple, kale, salmon, and croaker involved quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) with automated mini-column solid-phase extraction (known as ITSP) cleanup, followed by low-pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LPGC-MS/MS). Different ambient Blixer test portion sizes of 20, 10, 5, 2, and 1 g were assessed, and for cryogenic Blixer conditions, a 0.5 g test portion was also tested. In the case of the cryomill, test portions were 2, 1, and 0.5 g and all subsamples in all cases entailed five replicates. Determined concentrations and precisions (CV) of the analytes were compared to assess possible differences in systematic and random forms of error. A quality control spike was made before each step in the procedures to isolate that individual step in the uncertainty measurements using the error propagation sum of squares approach. Results indicated that the uncertainty of the sample preparation and LPGC-MS/MS analysis steps were 2-7 and 11% CV, respectively, while uncertainties of sample processing ranged from 6% CV for the cryomill to 12% CV for the ambient Blixer conditions. The common use of internal standards reduced overall method uncertainty from 12-15 to 7-10% CV. For the analytes, matrix, conditions, and tools used in this study, the minimal test sample weight that gave satisfactory recoveries and precision was found to be 1 g in all cases.

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Esterase Inhibition Technique for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Carbamate Insecticides, Photodecomposition of Carbamate Insecticides

Carbamate Insecticides, Photodecomposition of Carbamate Insecticides

A Mechanism of Resistance to Organophosphorus Acaricides in A Strain of the Cattle Tick Boophilus Microplus

Use of an Efficient Measurement Uncertainty Approach To Compare Room Temperature and Cryogenic Sample Processing in the Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Foods

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