Estado nutricional, produção e composição das uvas de Niágara Rosada submetidas à aplicação de composto orgânico

Abstract

PALAVRAS-CHAVEVitis sp. Resíduos orgânicos Nutrição mineral Cobertura plástica KEYWORDS Vitis sp. Organic waste Mineral nutrition Plastic sheetinRESUMO: A aplicação de composto orgânico nas linhas e entrelinhas de videiras pode aumentar a disponibilidade de nutrientes no solo, afetando o estado nutricional das plantas, a produção e a composição das uvas. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o estado nutricional, a produção e a composição das uvas de 'Niágara Rosada' (Vitis labrusca L.) sob cobertura plástica e submetidas à aplicação de composto orgânico na linha e na entrelinha de plantio. O experimento foi conduzido em um vinhedo da cultivar Niágara Rosada sob cobertura plástica nas linhas de plantio em um Neossolo Litólico, em Bento Gonçalves (RS), Brasil. Em agosto de 2008 e 2009 foram aplicadas cinco doses crescentes de composto orgânico (0, 9, 18, 36 e 72 L/planta ano -1 ) na linha e entrelinha de plantio das videiras. Na safra de 2008/2009 foi avaliado o número de cachos por videira e a produção de uva, e na safra de 2009/2010 foi mensurada a concentração de nutrientes nas folhas, os componentes de produção e as características químicas da uva. A aplicação de doses de composto orgânico na linha ou entrelinha de plantio de videiras 'Niágara Rosada' cultivadas em um Neossolo Litólico pouco afeta o estado nutricional das plantas, a produção e a composição da uva. ABSTRACT:The application of organic compost in rows and between rows of vines can modify the availability of nutrients in the soil, affecting nutritional status, yield and characteristics of the grape. The experiment was carried out in 2008/10 to evaluate the leaf nutrient content, yield and grape composition of 'Niagara Rosada' vines grown with plastic covering in the plant rows in an Udorthent soil, in Bento Gonçalves (RS), Brazil. In August of 2008 and 2009, five doses of organic compost (0, 9, 18, 36 and 72 L plant -1 year -1 ) were applied, in the rows and between the rows of the vines. In 2008/09, the number of bunches and yield were evaluated. In 2009/2010, leaves were collected, oven-dried, and weighed, and nutrient content was analyzed. In addition, yield components, grape yield and grape composition (pH, total soluble solids, total acidity, tartaric and malic acids) were evaluated. The application of doses of organic compost in the row and between the plant rows of 'Niagara Rosada' vines has little effect on the nutritional state, yield and must composition.

Produtividade de uvas e composição do mosto de videiras ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ fertilizadas com composto orgânico e ureia

“…The total N content in whole leaves collected at full flowering and at change in color of the berries in the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 crop seasons was not affected by the application of organic compost and urea on the soil surface (Table 1), agreeing with the results obtained by CASALI et al (2015) with 'Niágara Rosada' grapevines in the same region. Based on these results, it may be inferred that even in the soil without fertilization, which had 27.0 g kg -1 of organic matter, considered as medium (26-50 g kg -1 ) (CQFS-RS/SC 2004), there is the release of satisfactory quantities of N derived from the mineralization process.…”

Nutrition, yield and quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ vine fruits using cattle slurry and plastic cover

“…This fruit yield corresponded to an increase of 3,028 kg ha -1 (31.2%) in relation to control without fertilization and generated the smallest difference in relation to the average yield obtained with plastic cover, of 38.8%. Casali et al (2015) observed quadratic effects of organic compost rates in the number of bunches per plant and in fruit yield, regardless of fertilizer application in 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine. In the present work, the yield of 'Niagara Rosada' fruits without plastic cover was correlated to foliar P (r = 0.51*) and K concentrations (r = 0.60*), unlike that observed in experiment with plastic cover, where such correlations were observed (Table 2).…”

“…In contrast, plastic cover increases water availability between lines and decreases it in the superficial layer of planting lines, also decreasing P and K concentrations in limbs and leaf petioles (CHAVARRIA et al, 2009). Although lower decomposition rate of organic compost applied to 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine planting lines with plastic cover in relation to its application between planting lines was expected, there are no interactions between these application sites up to rate of 72 Mg ha -1 in the nutritional status and fruit yield and quality (CASALI et al, 2015).…”

Nitrogen and Organic Fertilization on Grapevine Productivity in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

“…Lorensini et al (2015) evaluated Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines with annual application of N rates (0,10,15,20,40,80, and 120 kg ha -1 ) and found a quadratic effect for NBP, with the best results obtained with the N rate of 20 kg ha -1 . Casali et al (2015) evaluated the productivity of Niagara Rosada grapevines with increasing bovine manure rates (0, 9, 18, 36, and 72 L plant -1 year -1 ) and also found a quadratic effect for NBP, and the best results were obtained with the use of 9 L manure plant -1 ; higher N rates reduced the NBP, and the authors attributed this result to the excess of N provided by the organic fertilizer.…”

“…Several studies on grapevines using increasing N rates (BRUNETTO et al, 2009;LORENSINI et al, 2015), urea and organic fertilizer (BRUNETTO et al, 2013), and increasing rates of OrF (CASALI et al, 2015) found that excessive rates of N or organic materials hinder their production components. It was also observed in the present study; high N rates from urea (90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) or from OrF (approximately 131.0 kg ha -1 ) ( Table 3) generated excess N in the soil, causing significant decreases in the production of the grapevines.…”