Establishment of Fresh Market Tomatoes in a No-Till System

Price, H. C.; Baughan, R. A.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1987.198.33

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The winter rye and mixture, and to a lesser extent hairy vetch, were effective at reducing annual weed density throughout the growing season and retaining soil moisture during times of low rainfall compared to bare soil; however, marketable and total yield of tomato and zucchini were consistently lowered in all environments and study years compared to the nocover control. Marketable vegetable yield losses from utilizing winter annual cover crops were similar to other research investigating summer squash (Walters and Young, 2008), bell pepper (Díaz-Pérez et al, 2008), and tomatoes (Roberts and Cartwright, 1991;Price and Baughan, 1985;Jelonkiewicz and Borowy, 2000;Wahle and Masiunas, 2002;Yaffa et al, 2000) planted into rye and/or hairy vetch. Cauliflower and bell pepper yield responses to winter cover crop mulch were variable by location and study year.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

Rolled Winter Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crops Lower Weed Density but Reduce Vegetable Yields in No-tillage Organic Production

Leavitt

Sheaffer²,

Wyse³

et al. 2011

horts

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Winter annual cover crops, winter rye (Secale cereale L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), can reduce weed density and build soil quality in organic production systems. There is interest in integrating cover crops and reduced tillage with organic vegetable production, but few studies have been conducted in regions with short growing seasons and cool soils such as the upper Midwest. We evaluated no-tillage production of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.), and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) planted into winter rye, hairy vetch, and a winter rye/hairy vetch (WR/HV) mixture that were mechanically suppressed with a roller–crimper at two locations in Minnesota. Average marketable yields of tomato, zucchini, and bell pepper in the rolled cover crops were reduced 89%, 77%, and 92% in 2008 and 65%, 41%, and 79% in 2009, respectively, compared with a no-cover control. Winter rye and the WR/HV mixture reduced average annual weed density at St. Paul by 96% for 8 to 10 weeks after rolling (WAR) and hairy vetch mulch reduced weeds 80% for 2 to 8 WAR, whereas at Lamberton, there was no consistent effect of cover treatments on weed populations. Winter rye and the WR/HV mixture had higher average residue biomass (5.3 and 5.7 Mg·ha−1, respectively) than hairy vetch (3.0 Mg·ha−1) throughout the season. Soil growing degree-days (SGDD) were lower in cover crop treatments compared with the no-cover control, which could have delayed early vegetable growth and contributed to reduced yields. All cover crop mulches were associated with low levels of soil nitrogen (N) (less than 10 mg·kg−1 N) in the upper 15 cm. Rolled winter annual cover crops show promise for controlling annual weeds in organic no-tillage systems, but additional research is needed on methods to increase vegetable crop yields in rolled cover crops.

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confidence: 80%

Rolled Winter Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crops Lower Weed Density but Reduce Vegetable Yields in No-tillage Organic Production

Leavitt

Sheaffer²,

Wyse³

et al. 2011

horts

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“…Other studies have shown a delay in growth and development in NT cover-crop production systems. Price and Baughan (1987) showed that fresh market tomato plants began Soil and mulch variables. Soils from the conventional system in Columbus generally had higher soil nitrate levels throughout the growing season compared with the other systems (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Four Processing Tomato Production Systems Differing in Cover Crop and Chemical Inputs

Creamer¹,

Bennett²,

Stinner³

et al. 1996

jashs

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Four tomato production systems were compared at Columbus and Fremont, Ohio: 1) a conventional system; 2) an integrated system [a fall-planted cover-crop mixture of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), rye (Secale cereale L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) killed before tomato planting and left as mulch, and reduced chemical inputs]; 3) an organic system (with cover-crop mixture and no synthetic chemical inputs); and (4) a no-input system (with cover-crop mixture and no additional management or inputs). Nitrogen in the cover-crop mixture above-ground biomass was 220 kg·ha-1 in Columbus and 360 kg·ha-1 in Fremont. Mulch systems (with cover-crop mixture on the bed surface) had higher soil moisture levels and reduced soil maximum temperatures relative to the conventional system. Overall, the cover-crop mulch suppressed weeds as well as herbicide plots, and no additional weed control was needed during the season. There were no differences in the frequency of scouted insect pests or diseases among the treatments. The number of tomato fruit and flower clusters for the conventional system was higher early in the season. In Fremont, the plants in the conventional system had accumulated more dry matter 5 weeks after transplanting. Yield of red fruit was similar for all systems at Columbus, but the conventional system yielded higher than the other three systems in Fremont. In Columbus, there were no differences in economic return above variable costs among systems. In Fremont, the conventional systems had the highest return above variable costs.

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“…Other studies, however, have reported a delay in tomato growth under reduced tillage systems. For example, Price and Baughan (1987) observed reduced growth rates in no-tillage plots for the first 40 d following transplanting.…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have been reported on the potential of conservation tillage practices for fresh market (Abdul-Baki and Teasdale, 1993;Doss et al, 1981;Drost and Price, 1991;Mwaja et al, 1996;Price and Baughan, 1987;Sainju et al, 2000;Shelby et al, 1988) and processing tomato production (Creamer et al, 1996;Johnson, 1998;Louws et al, 1996;McKeown et al, 1998;Swanton et al, 1997), and variable yield results were reported. Shelby et al (1988) found yields of fresh-market tomatoes were comparable under no-tillage and conventional tillage treatments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Tillage Systems for Processing Tomato Production

Thomas¹,

O'Sullivan²,

Hamill³

et al. 2001

HortSci

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Processing tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) are grown on ≈6000 ha in southwestern Ontario. Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 at two locations to explore the potential of alternative tillage practices (conventional, disked, zone-till, and no-till) on growth, development, yield and quality of tomatoes. Growth measurements of leaf number, plant height, stem diameter, total aboveground dry weight, and LAI did not differ with tillage system. Rye (Secale cereale L.) used as a cover crop did not influence tomato growth or development. Yield differences (P < 0.05) were not observed for red and green tomato fruit harvested in the conventional, disked or zone-tillage treatments. Yield reductions (P < 0.05) were observed however, for both red and green fruit with no-tillage. The delay in crop maturity associated with no-till reduced the potential for the application of this tillage practice for tomato production. Tomato postharvest quality did not differ among tillage systems. Zone-tillage was found to be a viable alternative to the moldboard plow as a primary tillage practice for the production of processing tomatoes.

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Establishment of Fresh Market Tomatoes in a No-Till System

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Rolled Winter Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crops Lower Weed Density but Reduce Vegetable Yields in No-tillage Organic Production

Rolled Winter Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crops Lower Weed Density but Reduce Vegetable Yields in No-tillage Organic Production

A Comparison of Four Processing Tomato Production Systems Differing in Cover Crop and Chemical Inputs

Conservation Tillage Systems for Processing Tomato Production

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