Establishment of an Animal Model Using Recombinant NOD.B10.D2Mice To Study Initial Adhesion of Oral Streptococci

Abstract

An oral biofilm is a community of surface-attached microorganisms that coats the oral cavity, including the teeth, and provides a protective reservoir for oral microbial pathogens, which are the primary cause of persistent and chronic infectious diseases in patients with dry mouth or Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model for studying the initial adhesion of oral streptococci that cause biofilm formation in patients with dry mouth and SS in an attempt to decrease the influence of cariogenic organisms and their substrates. In nonobese diabetogenic (NOD) mice that spontaneously develop insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and SS, we replaced major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (A g7 E g7 ) and class I D b with MHC class II (A d E d ) and class I D d from nondiabetic B10.D2 mice to produce an animal model that inhibited IDDM without affecting SS. The adhesion of oral streptococci, including Streptococcus mutans, onto tooth surfaces was then investigated and quantified in homologous recombinant N5 (NOD.B10.D2) and N9 (NOD.B10.D2) mice. We found that a higher number of oral streptococci adhered to the tooth surfaces of N5 (NOD.B10.D2) and N9 (NOD.B10.D2) mice than to those of the control C57BL/6 and B10.D2 mice. On the basis of our observation, we concluded that these mouse models might be useful as animal models of dry mouth and SS for in vivo biological studies of oral biofilm formation on the tooth surfaces.

Anticaries activity of ethanolic extract from ant-nest plant (Myrmecodia Pendens Merr. and L.M Perry) against hyaluronic acid resistant Streptococcus mutans

“…[1,3,4] Streptococcus mutans is the primary bacteria of oral streptococci that plays a significant part in the formation of dental plaque and caries. [3,5] Dental caries affects 60-90% of children in industrialized countries and approximately 10-15% of adults are affected by the severe periodontal disease. These plaques-mediated diseases lead to premature dental exfoliation and have a significant impact on the quality of life.…”

White Pepper Extract (Piper nigrum L.) as Antibacterial Agent for Streptococcus mutans In Vitro

“…Streptococcus mutans is known as primary microorganism in formation of dental plaque and caries 1 . It is a gram positive bacterium, which is facultative anaerobe.…”

Heritability of Oral Microbial Species in Caries-Active and Caries-Free Twins

“…A number of genetic factors including HLA genes have been reported to influence salivary mutans streptococci colonization and caries susceptibility in human and animal models (Abdus Salam et al, 2004;Acton et al, 1999;Ozawa et al, 2001;Suzuki et al, 1998). HLA genes are involved in a wide spectrum of immunologic responses, and are thus quite likely to play a substantial role in oral colonization and the establishment of the mutans streptococci in the oral environment (Wallengren et al, 2005).…”