Establishment of a desert foundation species is limited by exotic plants and light but not herbivory or water

Filazzola, Alessandro; Brown, Charlotte; Westphal, Michael F.; Lortie, Christopher J.

doi:10.1111/avsc.12515

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…True commensal interactions are likely to be rare (Leung and Poulin 2008), with effects of commensals on their hosts changing over space or time. In particular, effects of commensals on their hosts can be density‐dependent, with minimal measurable effects at low density and increasingly negative effects at high density, as has been show several times in nurse plants (Rodríguez‐Buriticá and Miriti 2009, Schöb et al 2014, Michalet et al 2016, Filazzola et al 2020). Indeed, such feedbacks will help to stabilize the population dynamics of species that are interacting in this way (Hart and Marshall 2013).…”

Section: Context‐dependency Of Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While biotic interactions have traditionally been classified as falling into distinct categories like those depicted in Fig. 1, in reality any given interaction between two or more species can span a continuum from positive to negative effects depending on environmental context (Leung and Poulin 2008), including abiotic conditions (Chamberlain et al 2014), community composition (Lankau 2012) or population density (Schöb et al 2014, Filazzola et al 2020). For example, client fish can benefit from services provided by cleaning fish in areas where ectoparasite loads are high (mutualism), but suffer from scale and mucus removal by cleaning fish (parasitism) where ectoparasite loads are low (Cheney and Côté 2005).…”

Section: Context‐dependency Of Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive species interactions shape species' range limits

Stephan

Mora

Alexander

2021

Oikos

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The relationship between niche and distribution, and especially the role of biotic interactions in shaping species' geographic distributions, has gained increasing interest in the last two decades. Most ecological research has focused on negative species interactions, especially competition, predation and parasitism. Yet the relevance of positive interactions – mutualisms and commensalisms – have been brought to the fore in recent years by an increasing number of empirical studies exploring their impact on range limits. Based on a review of 73 studies from a Web of Science search, we found strong evidence that positive interactions can influence the extent of species' geographic or ecological ranges through a diversity of mechanisms. More specifically, we found that while obligate interactions, and especially obligate mutualisms, tend to constrain the ranges of one or both partners, facultative positive interactions tend to widen ranges. Nonetheless, there was more variation in effects of facultative interactions on range limits, pointing to important context‐dependencies. Therefore, we propose that conceptual development in this field will come from studying ecological interactions in the context of networks of many species across environmental gradients, since pairwise interactions alone might overlook the indirect and environmentally‐contingent effects that species have on each other in communities of many interacting species. Finally, our study also revealed key data gaps that limit our current understanding of the pervasiveness of effects that positive interactions have on species' ranges, highlighting potential avenues for future theoretical and experimental work.

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Section: Context‐dependency Of Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Context‐dependency Of Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive species interactions shape species' range limits

Stephan

Mora

Alexander

2021

Oikos

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“…Indirect interactions can comprise different mechanistic pathways ecologically and cannot be neglected in conservation theory and practice (Sotomayor and Lortie 2015). Brome specifically can negatively impact foundation shrub species (Filazzola et al 2020). Reciprocal negative effects can have significant long‐term effects on community dynamics if benefactors cannot recruit (McIntire 2014).…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation promotes plant invasions and indirect negative interactions

Lortie

Filazzola

Brown

et al. 2021

Oikos

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Numerous pressures influence the ecological capacity and health of drylands globally. Shrubs are often a critical component of these systems and can function positively as foundation species through facilitation of other species. Nonetheless, limited attention has been paid to the potential negative and indirect effects of shrubs. Here, we tested the hypothesis that plant facilitation can both accelerate the invasion process and amplify the negative effects of an invader on the native community. The invasive species Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens capitalized on facilitation by resident native shrub species. This in turn further degraded California mixed grasslands by negatively impacting other annual protégé plant species in these specific microhabitats. Indirect shrub‐mediated interactions were thus a critical component of the ecological community assembly processes, and this suggests that we need to move beyond pairwise interactions to more rapidly advance grassland management and restoration theory.

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“…understorey and open microsites), because these microsites can sometimes regulate or filter the emergence of dominant plants via the classical direct effects of nurse plants, but also via indirect effects mediated by neighbourhoods, in combination with other spatiotemporally variable mechanisms such as seed trapping or rainfall (Giladi et al, 2013; Cipriotti et al, 2014; Cipriotti & Aguiar, 2015; Filazzola et al, 2019). Importantly, understorey microsites in stressful environments can open doors to invasions through facilitation and biotic acceptance (Flory & Bauer, 2014; Badano et al, 2015; Lucero et al, 2019), which have the potential to compete and negatively impact the facilitator species (Rodríguez‐Buriticá & Miriti, 2009; Filazzola et al, 2020). However, indirect effects can filter and reduce the competitive effects of invasive species through biotic resistance associated with the subordinate community (Aschehoug & Callaway, 2015; Martignoni et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, understorey microsites in stressful environments can open doors to invasions through facilitation and biotic acceptance (Flory & Bauer, 2014;Badano et al, 2015;Lucero et al, 2019), which have the potential to compete and negatively impact the facilitator species (Rodríguez-Buriticá & Miriti, 2009;Filazzola et al, 2020). However, indirect effects can filter and reduce the competitive effects of invasive species through biotic resistance associated with the subordinate community (Aschehoug & Callaway, 2015;Martignoni et al, 2020).…”

Section: Plantago Limensis Fuertesimalva Peruviana P Lantago Limensis Fuertesimalva Peruvianamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant plant facilitation can generate indirect competition in a South‐American desert plant community

Sotomayor

Filazzola

Lortie

2021

J Vegetation Science

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Aims: Desert dominant plants commonly facilitate plant communities within their canopies. Although substantial research has examined the direct consequences of this effect, a mechanistic understanding of indirect effects mediated via beneficiary plants is still relatively limited. We tested the hypothesis that the net positive outcome of dominant plants on beneficiaries extends to a series of interactions including indirect competition or facilitation. To test this hypothesis, we aggregated two years of field surveys with a manipulative experiment. Location: Atiquipa, Southern Peru. Methods: We surveyed the understorey plant community of the dominant tree Caesalpinia spinosa and compared it to that of open microsites. Field manipulations included removal of plant neighbourhoods of two target annual species in the understorey of the dominant plant Caesalpinia spinosa and adjacent open microsites. In the surveys, we measured plant density, and in the removal experiment, plant height, fruit set, and biomass of the targets. Results: In the surveys, density of Fuertisimalva peruviana, a target species, was negatively dependent on understorey neighbours' density. Neighbourhood removal did not affect fruit set or biomass of Fuertisimalva peruviana in tree understories or open microsites. Neighbourhood removal around Plantago limensis increased biomass, plant height and fruit set, and changed the effect of the dominant tree from positive to negative for biomass. Conclusions: Understorey plant neighbours can mediate the direct effects of dominant plants in deserts, but responses to these indirect effects can be species-specific. The facilitative effects of dominant plants represent key coexistence mechanisms because they reduce stress and generate extended series of interactions not necessarily present in the open.

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Establishment of a desert foundation species is limited by exotic plants and light but not herbivory or water

Cited by 10 publications

References 83 publications

Positive species interactions shape species' range limits

Positive species interactions shape species' range limits

Facilitation promotes plant invasions and indirect negative interactions

Dominant plant facilitation can generate indirect competition in a South‐American desert plant community

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