Establishing Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) Nonhuman Primate Colonies

Buchl, Stephanie J.; Keeling, Michale E.; Voss, William R.

doi:10.1093/ilar.38.1.22

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A brief presentation of the specific pathogen free ‘derivation strategy’ that was employed at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research (KCCMR) during the late 1980s and early 1990s [Buchl et al, 1997] will serve as the methodological anchor for this paper. All animals in the KCCMR colony entered the SPF program at the same time and comparable control data from non-SPF animals are not available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The derivation strategy was chosen specifically to address the interaction between social housing conditions and disease transmission, especially transmission of Herpes B virus ( Macacine herpesvirus 1 ). Previous publications have described the KCCMR derivation strategy in detail [Buchl et al, 1997; Schapiro, 2002; Schapiro et al, 1994]; what follows is a brief summarization of the aspects of colony management that are relevant to the current discussion of 1) the relationships among socialization strategies and disease prevalence, and 2) the potential utility of captive colonies in tests of models of disease ecology. The KCCMR has been continuously accredited by AAALAC International since 1979.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…adequate to maintain their physical and psychological well-being. [Buchl et al, 1997] will serve as the methodological anchor for this article. All animals in the KCCMR colony entered the SPF program at the same time and comparable control data from non-SPF animals are not available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socialization strategies and disease transmission in captive colonies of nonhuman primates

Schapiro

Bernacky

2011

American J Primatol

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In captive research environments for nonhuman primates (NHP), social housing strategies are often in conflict with protocols designed to minimize disease transmission. This is particularly true in breeding colonies, and is especially relevant when attempting to eliminate specific pathogens from a population of primates. Numerous strategies have been used to establish such specific pathogen free (SPF) breeding colonies (primarily of macaques), ranging from nursery rearing of neonates to single housing of socially-reared yearlings to the rearing of infants in large social groups. All of these strategies attempt to balance the effects of the chosen socialization strategy on parameters related to disease transmission, including the ultimate elimination of the target pathogens. Such strategies may affect the overall disease states of NHP breeding colonies through selective breeding processes. This can occur either by creating subpopulations of animals that do not have target diseases (SPF colonies), but may have other issues; or by creating situations in which the ‘best’ animals are sold and the breeding colony is stocked with animals that may be more disease susceptible than those that were sold. The disease states of NHP research colonies also may be affected by selective utilization programs, in which animals removed from the breeding colony for health/behavior reasons, are preferentially chosen for use in scientific investigations. Such utilization criteria raise the question of whether ideal subjects are being chosen for use in research. Finally, captive primate colonies, where both socialization and disease states are intensely managed, may provide opportunities for those testing predictions from models of the interactions of socialization and disease transmission in the evolution of wild populations of NHP. This would be especially true for some extreme conditions of these disease ecology models, given the exceedingly high social densities and levels of pathogen control that exist in many captive nonhuman primate colonies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socialization strategies and disease transmission in captive colonies of nonhuman primates

Schapiro

Bernacky

2011

American J Primatol

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“…The animals were certified free of intestinal parasites and were seronegative for simian type-D retrovirus, herpes virus B, varicella zoster-like virus, measles virus, and SIV (16). All animals were individually housed.…”

Section: Animals and Transplant Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engraftment and tumor formation after allogeneic in utero transplantation of primate embryonic stem cells1

et al. 2003

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“…The majority of these new breeding harems were serologically CHV1-positive and retrovirus-negative. Offspring of the CHV1-positive population were put through derivation, a strategy [Buchl et al, 1997] in which infants were mother-reared for 1 yr. At that time, they were weaned and housed singly for another year, during which an intense environmental enrichment program was employed [Schapiro et al, 1994]. At 2 yr of age, the monkeys were housed in pairs; at 3 yr of age they were put into peer groups, and at 4 yr, breeding harems were created.…”

Section: Management Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demography and pedigree structure of an SPF colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Ludvico

Slifer

Massey

et al. 2001

American J Primatol

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The SPF rhesus colony at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Bastrop, Texas, was analyzed with the aim of determining the demographic and genetic effects of stringent selection for virus-free breeders, permanent quarantine, continued surveillance, and culling of animals that show evidence of viral infection. The analysis shows minimal effects on population viability and loss of genetic variability in comparison with the traditionally managed (non-SPF) portion of the population.

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Establishing Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) Nonhuman Primate Colonies

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Socialization strategies and disease transmission in captive colonies of nonhuman primates

Socialization strategies and disease transmission in captive colonies of nonhuman primates

Engraftment and tumor formation after allogeneic in utero transplantation of primate embryonic stem cells1

Demography and pedigree structure of an SPF colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

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