Establishing school bus baseline emergency evacuation times for elementary school students

Abulhassan, Yousif; Davis, Jerry; Sesek, Richard; Gallagher, Sean; Schall, Mark C.

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2016.06.021

Cited by 19 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…We have not found any articles dealing with trial evacuation of people from buses in a road tunnel in reduced visibility conditions. However, a research group from Murray State University and Auburn University considered different issues regarding evacuation from a school bus located in a road [ 16 , 17 ]. They analyzed the evacuation process of different groups of children.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition—Empirical results

2018

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Five evacuation experiments were performed in a road tunnel in order to test how pedestrians react when exposed to reduced visibility, how the decision making process is carried out, and finally what is the impact of various circumstances like: different level of smokiness, competitive behavior or learning effect on an evacuation process. In four experiments pedestrians were exposed to artificial, non-toxic smoke. During evacuation of a group of people gathered in low and moderate level of smokiness (when Cs < 0.5m−1) we observed multi-line patterns created by pedestrians. Decision making was engaged in only by the first group of passengers, while under heavy smokiness Cs > 0.7m−1 we have observed decision making by small groups and characteristic double-lines patterns. In four experiments the same group of participants was involved, and a learning effect was observed: increasingly shorter pre-movement time and decreasing time required to leave the main tunnel. We show, that movement speed in smoke is influenced by the evacuees’ attitude and familiarity with environment and evacuation procedures and not only by the visibility level.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition—Empirical results

2018

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“… Abulhassan et al, 2018b , Abulhassan et al, 2016 , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000 , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020a , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020b , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020c , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020d , Administration, 2011 , Safety and Administration, 2004 .…”

Section: Uncited Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations for the transportation of school aged children amid the Coronavirus pandemic

Abulhassan¹,

Davis²

2021

Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives

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Highlights Anthropometry of children should be considered in virus control countermeasures. A bus monitor is necessary to ensure passenger compliance with countermeasures. Physical distancing on school buses may not be feasible on school buses. A systematic approach is necessary when implementing change to school bus cabins.

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“…These factors include the state of the driver and the passengers, door open time, window open time, etc. According to previous works, the factors can be categorized into human factors and objective factors [2,3]. Each of these factors is closely related to the escape method and survival rate.…”

Section: Dynamic Bayesian Network-based Escape Probability Estimation For Coach Fire Accidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Bayesian Network-Based Escape Probability Estimation for Coach Fire Accidents

Zhou

Zhao

et al. 2021

PROMET

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Coach emergency escape research is an effective measure to reduce casualties under serious vehicle fire accidents. A novel experiment method employing a wireless transducer was implemented and the head rotation speed, rotation moment and rotation duration were collected as the input variables for the classification and regression tree (CART) model. Based on this model, the classification result explicitly pointed out that the exit searching efficiency was evolving. By ignoring the last three unimportant factors from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the ultimate Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) was built with the temporal part of the CART output and the time-independent part of the vehicle characteristics. Simulation showed that the most efficient exit searching period is the middle escape stage, which is 10 seconds after the emergency signal is triggered, and the escape probability clearly increases with the efficient exit searching. Furthermore, receiving emergency escape training contributes to a significant escape probability improvement of more than 10%. Compared with different failure modes, the emergency hammer layout and door reliability have a more significant influence on the escape probability improvement than aisle condition. Based on the simulation results, the escape probability will significantly drop below 0.55 if the emergency hammers, door, and aisle are all in a failure state.

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Establishing school bus baseline emergency evacuation times for elementary school students

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition—Empirical results

Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition—Empirical results

Considerations for the transportation of school aged children amid the Coronavirus pandemic

Dynamic Bayesian Network-Based Escape Probability Estimation for Coach Fire Accidents

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