Essential role of nitric oxide in descending inhibition in the rat proximal colon

Hata, Fumiaki; Ishii, Toshiaki; Kanada, Atsunori; Yamano, Naoyuki; Kataoka, Toshiya; Takeuchi, Tadayoshi; Yagasaki, Osamu

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(90)91605-r

Cited by 104 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, no participation of VIP in the relaxation was suggested in the distal colon of Sprague Dawley rats and in any regions other than the distal colon of all the three strains. In the present study, effect of VIP [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] was examined on the relaxation induced by EFS only at 10 Hz for 10s, because VIP 10-28 inhibited relaxations of longitudinal muscle of the Wistar-ST rat distal colon induced by EFS at 0.1 and 10 Hz by a similar extent about 45% [15] and the antagonist did not affect the relaxation in Sprague Dawley rats induced by EFS at 10 Hz for longer duration, 20-90 s [21]. The present results indicate that VIP participates NANC relaxation only in the distal colon of Wistar and Wistar-ST, but not Sprague Dawley rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drugs: Apamin, VIP fragment VIP [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and N G -nitro-Larginine (N 5 -nitro-amidino-L-2,5-diamino-pentanoic acid: L-NOARG) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., ST. Louis, U.S.A. VIP, charybdotoxin, PACAP and its fragment PACAP were purchased from The Peptide Institute, Osaka, Japan. Gaseous nitric oxide was dissolved in Tyrode solution just before experiments, as described by Gillespie and Sheng [4], and added to the organ bath in volumes of 0.3-300 µl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wistar-ST rat intestine is a case in point. That is, an essential role of nitric oxide in the relaxation was suggested in circular [11] and longitudinal [24,26] muscles of the proximal colon, and in circular muscle of the rectum [27], while only minor or no role was suggested in longitudinal muscle of the jejunum [19] or the distal colon [16,24], respectively. In addition to regional difference, we recently found a strain difference in the mediator of NANC relaxation of the distal colon of rats between the Sprague Dawley and Wistar-ST strains: nitric oxide was suggested to partially mediate NANC relaxation of the Sprague Dawley but not Wistar-ST strain [21].…”

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Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Okishio¹,

Niioka²,

Yamaji³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Participation of nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation of longitudinal muscle of various intestinal regions in Sprague Dawley rats (8-weekold) was studied in vitro. Nitric oxide was suggested to participate in NANC relaxation of every intestinal region studied. But the participation was partial and its extent varied among the regions: significant in the proximal colon and rectum, and moderate in the jejunum, ileum and distal colon. Participation of PACAP in NANC relaxation was suggested only in the distal colon, while that of VIP was not detected in any of regions. Results obtained in the present study indicate that extent of participation of nitric oxide in NANC relaxation in Sprague Dawley rat intestine is more significant than those of other strains, Wistar and Wistar-ST.KEY WORDS: NANC (nonadrenergic noncholinergic) relaxation, nitric oxide, PACAP, rat intestine, VIP.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62(8): 821-828, 2000 Nitric oxide has been suggested to mediate nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation in many regions of the gastrointestinal tract [22,23]. However, accumulated evidence suggests that the role of nitric oxide in NANC relaxation is not uniform throughout the gastrointestine, but quite variable in region to region. Wistar-ST rat intestine is a case in point. That is, an essential role of nitric oxide in the relaxation was suggested in circular [11] and longitudinal [24,26] muscles of the proximal colon, and in circular muscle of the rectum [27], while only minor or no role was suggested in longitudinal muscle of the jejunum [19] or the distal colon [16,24], respectively. In addition to regional difference, we recently found a strain difference in the mediator of NANC relaxation of the distal colon of rats between the Sprague Dawley and Wistar-ST strains: nitric oxide was suggested to partially mediate NANC relaxation of the Sprague Dawley but not Wistar-ST strain [21].In addition to nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is another candidate for the mediator of NANC relaxation in several gastrointestinal regions: lower oesophageal sphincter of opossums [5] and rabbits [2], stomach of dogs [1], guinea pigs [6, 10] and rats [13], taenia coli of guinea pigs [7,10], and colon of rats [9,24]. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) was also suggested to mediate NANC relaxation in some regions: lower oesophageal sphincter of cats and humans [20], stomach of guinea pigs [14], and colon of guinea pigs [12] and rats [8,15]. We suggested that VIP and PACAP mediate NANC relaxation of longitudinal muscle of the distal colon of Wistar-ST rats via opening of charybdotoxin-and apamin-sensitive K + channels, respectively [15,25]. However, participation of the peptides as well as nitric oxide in NANC relaxation does not seem to be uniform throughout the gastrointestine. For example, neither role of VIP in longitudinal muscle of the proximal and mid colon [24], a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Okishio¹,

Niioka²,

Yamaji³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…In contrast, inhibitory motor neurons of descending relaxation are variable from region to region of the intestinal tract. The role of nitric oxide in the descending relaxation was shown in the rat ileum (Kanada et al, 1992;Kanada et al, 1993), proximal colon (Hata et al, 1990a) and distal colon (Grider, 1993;Okishio et al, 2000a). Some studies also reported a role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the descending relaxation in the middle of distal colon (Grider and Makhlouf, 1986;Grider and Rivier, 1990;Grider, 1993) and the distal colon (Okishio et al, 2000a) of the rat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ascending contraction and descending relaxation in the distal colon of mice lacking interstitial cells of Cajal

Okishio

Takeuchi

Fujita

et al. 2005

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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Recently an essential role of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) within myenteric plexus (ICC-MY) was suggested in ascending contraction and descending relaxation in the mouse ileum. The role of ICC in these neural reflexes was examined in the distal colonic segments prepared from the wild type and c-kit mutant, W/W V mice, in the present study. Localized distension of the segments from the wild type mice by using a small balloon resulted in ascending contraction and descending relaxation. In the segments from the mutant mice, localized distension also induced these neural reflexes similar to those observed in the wild type mice. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that ICC-MY and ICC present in muscle layers (ICC-IM) were severely disrupted in the mutant mouse, but only ICC, present within submucosal plexus (ICC-SMP), remained unchanged. In the small strips with ICC-SMP absent prepared from the mutant mouse, electrical field stimulation induced contraction or relaxation in the absence or presence of atropine, respectively. It was suggested that ICC have no important role in the ascending and descending neural reflexes in the mouse distal colon, this is in direct contrast to the role of ICC-MY in the ileum.

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“…In contrast, the mediator of efferent inhibitory motor neurons has not been sufficiently clarified due to the diversity of the mediator, that is, species, strain, and regional differences (13 -15). Nitric oxide was first suggested as an NANC inhibitory mediator in the descending relaxation in the rat proximal colon (16). The role of nitric oxide was also suggested in the rat ileum (13,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Interstitial Cells Distributed in the Myenteric Plexus in Neural Reflexes in the Mouse Ileum

Fujita¹,

Okishio²,

Fujinami³

et al. 2004

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. We examined the role of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the ascending and descending neural reflexes in the ileal segments prepared from wild type mice and c-kit mutant W/W V mice. Localized distension of the ileal segments from wild type mice with a small balloon caused contraction or relaxation of the circular muscle on the oral or anal side of the distended region, respectively. However, these intestinal reflexes were not induced in the ileal segments from the mutant mice. In the small strips that include the step of the pathways from efferent motor neurons to smooth muscle cells, nerve stimulation induced contraction of circular muscle in the absence of atropine and relaxation in the presence of atropine. The extent of nerve stimulation-induced contractions and relaxations of the ileal circular muscle were similar in wild type and W/W V mice. The responsiveness of ileal circular muscle to exogenously added acetylcholine and Nor-1, a nitric oxide donor, was also unaffected in the mutant ileum. Since previous immunohistochemical study had revealed selective loss of ICC within the myenteric plexus (ICC-MY) in the mutant ileum, it was concluded that ICC-MY have an essential role in ascending and descending neural pathways in the mouse ileum.

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Essential role of nitric oxide in descending inhibition in the rat proximal colon

Cited by 104 publications

References 27 publications

Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Mediators of Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Sprague Dawley Rat Intestine: Comparison with the Mediators of Other Strains.

Ascending contraction and descending relaxation in the distal colon of mice lacking interstitial cells of Cajal

Role of the Interstitial Cells Distributed in the Myenteric Plexus in Neural Reflexes in the Mouse Ileum

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