Essential Oil Composition ofHypericum perforatumL. from Cultivated Source

Chemical Composition of Hypericum laricifolium Juss. Essential Oil Collected from merida-Venezuela

“…Hydrocarbons, such as 3-mehtyl-nonane (12.3%), 2-methyl-octane (9.6%) and nonane (7.6%) were also present among main components of H. laricifolium essential oil in the current investigation; related components have also been reported, previously, in high concentrations for other Hypericum species [12,13,[15][16][17][18].…”

“…However, H. rumeliacum showed higher concentrations of β-pinene (26.1%) comparing to α-pinene (7.3%) [15]. On the other hand, H. perforatum, known as the most commercially important species within the genus Hypericum, showed the presence of α-pinene (8.6%) and β-pinene (3.8%), along with germacrene-D (22.1%), β-caryophyllene (11.3%), α-cadinol (4.4%), 2-methyl-octane (3.7%), terpinen-4-ol (3.3%), caryophyllene oxide (3.3%), α-muurolol (2.9%) and spathulenol (2.8%) [16]. Other investigation from Tajikistan showed that essential oil of H. perforatum was mainly composed by germacrene-D (13.7%), α-pinene (5.1%), trans-caryophyllene (4.7%), n-dodecanol (4.5%), caryophyllene oxide (4.2%), bicycle-germacrene (3.8%) and spathulenol (3.4%), while for H. scabrum, the main components were α-pinene (44.8%), spathulenol (7.1%), verbenone (6.0%), trans-verbenol (3.9%) and γ-muurolene (3.5%) [17].…”

Hypericum sp.: essential oil composition and biological activities

“…Similarly, the content of a-pinene greatly differs between the EO extracted from flowers (70.2%) and fruits (25.4%) of both H. perforatum and H.scabrum growing wild in Iran (Akhbari et al 2012). Aerial parts of H. perforatum collected during the flowering phenophase contain germacrene D (22.1%), b-caryophyllene (11.3%), a-pinene (8.6%) and a-cadinol (4.4%) as the major constituents in the EO (Chauhan et al 2011). Significant differences were also found in both the content and composition of EO from different parts of H. perforatum plants growing in 16 habitats in southeastern Poland.…”

Chemical characterization of the essential oil compositions from Iranian populations of Hypericum perforatum L.

“…Essential oils are synthesized either in translucent glands or in secretory canals that may be localized in leaves, petals, sepals and pistil (Ciccarelli et al, 2001). H. perforatum has great versatility in medicine and its diversity in plant morphology, chemotype and essential oil composition make this plant as a continuous subject of interest (Chauhan et al, 2011).…”

“…According to the extensive phytochemical studies on H. perforatum, it has been reported that the essential oil constituents belong to different chemical classes with a considerable qualitative and quantitative variation in composition (Akhbari et al, 2012;Chauhan et al, 2011;Helmja et al, 2011;Pavlovic et al, 2006;Baser et al, 2002;Erken et al, 2001;Cakir et al, 1997). This variability could be related to the effect of variables such as genetic factors, developmental stages, types of plant materials, methods of extraction, environmental conditions, etc.…”