Esophageal manifestations of dermatologic disease

Abstract

This review describes those skin conditions, or conditions where skin involvement is a prominent feature, that may present with esophageal manifestations. These conditions have been categorized in many different ways. For the purposes of this review, esophageal manifestations of skin conditions are classified as bullous diseases, hyperkeratotic diseases, collagen vascular diseases, syndromes associated with cancer, and miscellaneous diseases.

Esophageal Contractions in Patients with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia

“…In the distal esophageal body, the innervation comes from the myenteric and submucous plexuses. This difference in innervation and muscle causes differences in the manifestations of diseases that affect muscles and nerves [15].…”

The patient with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease

“…Patients who develop strictures may require repeated dilatations. Skin diseases A variety of dermatologic diseases are associated with esophageal involvement. Those most likely to cause an intractable esophagitis syndrome include epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, pemphigus vulgaris, cicatrical pemphigoid, and lichen planus 8 . These are generally considered uncommon autoimmune diseases.…”

Esophageal Nikolsky’s Sign: A Rare Finding in a Patient with Bullous Pemphigoid

“…Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) disorders are chronic relapsing autoimmune blistering diseases characterized by circulating antibodies directed against specific epitopes of hemidesmosomes involved in anchoring the epidermis to the dermal layer [1, 2, 3]. Tense bullae on the skin distinguish these 2 entities from the more flaccid bullae seen in pemphigus vulgaris [2].…”

“…Antigens identified in MMP include BP180, BP230, Laminin 5/6, Type VII collagen, and Integrin 4 subunit [2, 3, 5], whereas only BP180 and BP230 are involved in BP [2]. Esophageal involvement in BP is quite rare and generally manifests as hemorrhagic bullae [1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. We report a case of acute-onset esophageal bullae identified in a patient with active skin BP seen only upon withdrawal of the upper endoscope, not present on insertion.…”