Concepts o f electrostatic discharge (ESD) and h o w t o protect electronic products f r o m ESD are thoroughly discussed.The effect of humidity and temperature on ESD sensitivity, t h e antistatic properties of various packaging materials and t h e problems of latent failures are described. Demands t o be met by the packaging materials are described. Examples are given regarding the design o f the handling and w o r k environment in order t o reduce the damage caused by ESD. Problems concerning the various ways o f measuring charging ability, discharging time, surface resistivity and shielding properties are examined. The important European standard EN 100 015-1 is described.Some cases illustrating the problems o f ESD, as experienced by international electronics industries, are commented on. Future possibilities for development and suggestions for further research i n the field o f ESD protection are discussed.