Esboçando uma teoria crítica da necessidade: apontamentos sobre a jovem Fraser

Abstract

Resumo: O texto trata do modelo crítico de Nancy Fraser para uma teoria da necessidade, proposto em sua juventude. Recusando uma concepção essencialista, debruça-se antes sobre a "política de interpretação das necessidades", tratando do confl ito discursivo que fundamenta políticas sociais. Através de interlocuções com Habermas, Gramsci e Foucault, o modelo aborda: a luta para pautar uma necessidade como demanda política legítima; a disputa sobre a interpretação das necessidades legitimadas por grupos e instituições sociais; e as maneiras pelas quais a burocracia estatal age em resposta ao propor políticas públicas para satisfazê-las.Palavras-chave: Teoria Crítica; Necessidade; N. Fraser; Estado social. Outline for a critical theory of needs: Notes on the young FraserAbstract: This paper addresses Nancy Fraser's critical model toward a theory of needs, formulated in her early works. Refusing an essentialist conception, she focuses rather on the "politics of need interpretation" and on the discursive confl ict that grounds social policies. Dialoguing with Habermas, Gramsci and Foucault, her model deals with: the struggle to establish a need as a legitimate political claim; the dispute over the interpretation of needs legitimated by social groups and institutions; and the ways the State bureaucracy reacts to such needs, proposing public policies in order to meet them.

Policy and resistance in the homosexual nightlife

“…Thus, in the central discursive arenas of modern democracies, the spaces of nocturnal sociability favorable to the communicational exchanges between its components would be examples of subaltern counter publics (Fraser, 1989), that is, publics excluded from official spaces and legitimized in the bourgeois public sphere, which would need circulate their speeches in parallel and marginal spaces. The parties would be unlikely places of preparation for future organizations in the central arenas of modern society (Silva, 2017), even straining the legitimacy of grammar and political spaces where needs are named and defended.…”