ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: Occurrence, Risk Factors for Fecal Carriage and Strain Traits in the Swiss Slaughter Cattle Population Younger than 2 Years Sampled at Abattoir Level

Reist, Martin; Geser, Nadine; Hächler, Herbert; Schärrer, Sara; Stephan, Roger

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071725

Cited by 42 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Therefore, the growth of the isolates on the extendedspectrum β-lactam-supplemented medium suggested that they might have produced ESBLs. ESBL-resistant enterobacteria isolation prevalence of 24.2% recorded in this study is higher than 8.4% prevalence of ESBLproducing Enterobacteriaceae reported by Reist et al (2013) in calves slaughtered in Switzerland. Isolation of three genera (Klebsiella, E. coli and Salmonella) of ESBL-resistant enterobacteria in this study, suggested that there could have been acquisition/transfer of genes encoding for ESBLs production by/among the enterobacterial organisms (Schmeidel et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Generic Extended-Spectrum β-Lactam-Resistant Enterobacteria in Healthy Pigs

et al. 2015

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This study was conducted to isolate generic extended-spectrum β-lactam (ESBL)-resistant enterobacteria from pigs reared in Enugu State Southeast, Nigeria and determine the antibacterial resistance profile of the isolates. Rectal swabs were collected from 190, randomly selected, apparently healthy pigs. Isolation of ESBL-resistant enterobacteria was done using Mac Conkey agar supplemented with 2 µg/ml of cefotaxime. Phenotypic characterization of the isolates to generic level was done following standard biochemical methods. Phenotypic resistance of the isolates to antibacterial agents was determined using the disc diffusion method. Out of 46 ESBL-resistant enterobacterial isolates, 4 (8.7%) were Escherichia coli, 11 (23.9%) were Salmonella species, while 31 (67.4%) were Klebsiella species. Resistance of the Salmonella isolates was 45.5% to ciprofloxacin, 36.4% to ofloxacin and levofloxacin, 9.1% to norfloxacin, amikacin and gentamicin, 27.3% to streptomycin, 72.7% to chloramphenicol and 90.9% to tetracycline. Resistance of the Klebsiella isolates was 93.5% to ampicillin, 12.9% to ciprofloxacin, 19.4% to ofloxacin and levofloxacin, 9.7% to norfloxacin and streptomycin, 64.5% to chloramphenicol and 38.7% to tetracycline. Resistance of the E. coli isolates was 100% to gentamicin, 75% to ampicillin and streptomycin, 50% to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, and 25% to ofloxacin, levofloxacin and amikacin. All the isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefpodoxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and aztreonam. Resistance of the isolates to more than 3 classes of antibacterial agents tested was 54.8% for Klebsiella, 90.9% for Salmonella and 100% for E. coli, respectively. This study has shown that pigs reared in Enugu State Southeast, Nigeria, are colonized by ESBL-resistant Enterobactericeae and are potential reservoirs and disseminators of these organisms.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Generic Extended-Spectrum β-Lactam-Resistant Enterobacteria in Healthy Pigs

et al. 2015

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“…This prevalence rate was slightly higher than a study in Switzerland which reported 8.4% among calves in a slaughter house, but in contrast to a study in South-West Nigeria which reported an absence of ESBL genes among isolates from bovine fecal specimens from slaughter houses (Reist et al, 2013;Inwezerua et al, 2014). The observation shows that the prevalence of ESBL producers in animals is on the rise and may pose risk to humans (Chantziaras et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Among Gram Negative Bacilli Recovered from Cattle Feces In Benin City, Nigeria

Ogefere¹,

Agbe²,

Ibadin³

2017

Not Sci Biol

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This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) among Gram negative bacteria isolated from cattle feces in Benin City, Nigeria. A total of 250 Gram negative bacteria isolates were recovered from cattle feces and were processed microbiologically using standard techniques. Emergent colonies were identified and antibacterial susceptibility tests were determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. All bacterial isolates were screened for the presence of ESBL using the double-disc synergy method. A total of 37 (14.8%) isolates were positive for ESBL, with 33 (13.2%) indicated by ceftazidime, while only 4 (1.6%) were indicated by both ceftazidime and cefotaxime (P < 0.0001). Of the Gram negative bacterial isolates recovered, Salmonella species was the most prevalent ESBL-producer with 55.0% prevalence (P = 0.0092), while no isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced ESBL. ESBL-positive isolates showed poor susceptibility to the tested antibacterial agents in comparison with non-ESBL-producers and imipenem was the most active antibiotic. The prevalence of ESBL among Gram negative bacilli recovered from cattle feces was 14.8%. The study advises prudent use of antibiotics in the treatment of cattle and harps on improved hygiene in managing cattle, as they are potential reservoirs of ESBL-producing organisms.

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“…Thus, only a few studies have looked into the prevalence and risk factors for ESBLPE carriage in cattle (5,6). A valid comparison of prevalence and risk factors for ESBLPE carriage between countries is very difficult even in human studies, due to the vast differences in the populations and the methodologies of the different studies (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the use of antimicrobials has often been suggested to be the main culprit for this phenomenon (4), there are in fact no studies that have looked into this question. Moreover, the data regarding other risk factors for carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLPE) in livestock in general and cattle in particular are limited to those from the analysis of only a few factors (5,6). Also, although molecular analysis of these isolates has been reported, such data have never been used for the analysis of the dissemination dynamics of ESBLPE in and between farms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Transmission Dynamics of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: a National Survey of Cattle Farms in Israel in 2013

et al. 2015

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b; Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel c Our objectives were to study the prevalence, risk factors for carriage, and transmission dynamics of extended-spectrum-␤-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLPE) in a national survey of cattle. This was a point prevalence study conducted from July to October 2013 in Israel. Stool samples were collected from 1,226 cows in 123 sections on 40 farms of all production types. ESBLPE were identified in 291 samples (23.7%): 287 contained Escherichia coli and 4 contained Klebsiella pneumoniae. The number of ESBLPE-positive cows was the highest in quarantine stations and on fattening farms and was the lowest on pasture farms (P ‫؍‬ 0.03). The number of ESBLPE-positive cows was the lowest in sections containing adult cows (age, >25 months) and highest in sections containing calves (age, <4 months) (P < 0.001). Infrastructure variables that were significant risk factors for ESBLPE carriage included crowding, a lack of manure cleaning, and a lack of a cooling (P < 0.001 for each), all of which were more common in sections containing calves. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was given almost exclusively to calves and was associated with a high number of ESBLPE carriers (P < 0.001). The 287 E. coli isolates were typed into 106 repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR types and mostly harbored bla CTX-M-1 or bla CTX-M-9 group genes. The isolates on the six farms with >15 isolates of ESBLPE were of 4 to 7 different REP-PCR types, with one dominant type being harbored by about half of the isolates. Fourteen types were identified on more than one farm, with only six of the farms being adjacent to each other. The prevalence of ESBLPE carriage is high in calves in cowsheds where the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis is common. ESBLPE disseminate within cowsheds mainly by clonal spread, with limited intercowshed transmission occurring. Since the advent of the first antimicrobials, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMRB) have spread in conjunction with the use of the respective antimicrobial agents (1). Accordingly, the emergence of extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes as a global threat followed the introduction of third-generation cephalosporins (TGC), used mainly in health care settings (2). Although the ESBLs were first noted in the 1980s, a substantial increase in their prevalence in Escherichia coli was noted in the 2000s. This increase was mainly related to the emergence of a pandemic clone, designated sequence type (ST) 131. A particular worrisome feature of this clone was its predominance in community-onset cases of infection with ESBL-producing bacteria (3). This epidemiologic feature has attracted attention to the possibility of sources of acquisition other than health care settings, including the food and livestock industries. Indeed, many studies have documented the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria in a variety of meats and other livestock-origin food samples. Although the use of antimicrobials has often been suggested to be the main culprit for this ...

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ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: Occurrence, Risk Factors for Fecal Carriage and Strain Traits in the Swiss Slaughter Cattle Population Younger than 2 Years Sampled at Abattoir Level

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Generic Extended-Spectrum β-Lactam-Resistant Enterobacteria in Healthy Pigs

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Generic Extended-Spectrum β-Lactam-Resistant Enterobacteria in Healthy Pigs

Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Among Gram Negative Bacilli Recovered from Cattle Feces In Benin City, Nigeria

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Transmission Dynamics of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: a National Survey of Cattle Farms in Israel in 2013

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