Erythrocyte defense mechanisms against free oxygen radicals in haemodialysed uraemic children

Túri, Sándor; Németh, Ilona; Vargha, Ilona; Matkovics, B.; Dobos, Erik

doi:10.1007/bf01095947

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The antioxidant capacity to neutralize the increased free oxygen radicals is also impaired in CKD patients. 27,28 Interestingly enough, several other components of HS extract are known to have an antioxidant effect such as anthocyanin, bioflavonoid, protocatechuic acid (PCA), and other phenolic compounds. 29 Furthermore, anthocyanin is a far more potent antioxidant than ascorbate (vitamin C), whereas bioflavonoid is one of the well-known robust antioxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hibiscus SabdariffaLinnaeus Aqueous Extracts Attenuate the Progression of Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats

et al. 2012

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Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (HS) is a tropical wild plant with antioxidant, antibacterial, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering properties. In several animal models, HS aqueous extracts reduced the severity of the multi-organ injuries such as hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. One of the multiorgan injuries is chronic kidney disease (CKD), which results from the loss of nephron function. HS was used in a 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) rat model to determine if it could attenuate the progression of CKD. HS (250 mg/kg/day) or placebo was orally administered to 5/6 Nx male Sprague-Dawley rats. The NxþHS group had fewer renal injuries as measured by blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and renal pathology when compared with the Nx group. In order to determine which property of HS, either vasodilatory and/or antioxidant, was important in attenuating the progression of CKD, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. In the NxþHS group, the SBP and the serum levels of MDA were significantly lower at Week 7. In conclusion, through either antihypertensive and/or antioxidant properties, HS was able to attenuate the progression of renal injury after 5/6 Nx. Hence, HS should be considered as one of the new, promising drugs that can be used to attenuate the progression of CKD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hibiscus SabdariffaLinnaeus Aqueous Extracts Attenuate the Progression of Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats

et al. 2012

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“…Oxidative stress in renal failure has been associated with hypertension [45, 46] endothelial dysfunction [47], decreased erythrocyte lifespan [48,49,50,51], and atherosclerosis and inflammation [52]. …”

Section: Oxidative Stress In Human End-stage Renal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Treatment in Hypertension and the Associated Renal Damage

Manning

Tian

Meng³

2005

Am J Nephrol

148

116

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in humans with hypertension many of which develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and antioxidant capacity is decreased. About one-half of essential hypertensives have a salt-sensitive type of hypertension, and the amount of renal damage that occurs in salt-sensitive hypertensives greatly exceeds that of non-salt-sensitive hypertensives. Antioxidant therapy can improve cardiovascular outcomes in humans but only if sufficient doses are used. Salt-sensitive hypertensive animal models, especially Dahl salt-sensitive rats, have been used to investigate the relationship between hypertension, ROS and end-stage renal damage. In experimental salt-sensitive hypertension, ROS increase and significant renal damage occur. In the Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat on high Na for 3 weeks, renal damage is mild, renal levels of superoxide dismutase are decreased, and treatment with Tempol reduces arterial pressure. In the Dahl S rat on high Na for 5 weeks, renal damage is severe, GFR and renal plasma flow are decreased, and renal superoxide production is high. Treatment with vitamins C and E decreases renal superoxide production and renal damage and prevents the decrease in renal hemodynamics. Antioxidant treatment reduces arterial pressure, aortic superoxide production and renal inflammation in DOCA-salt rats, and decreases blood pressure and aortic superoxide release and increases bioactive nitric oxide in SHR stroke-prone rats. In conclusion, in both human and experimental salt-sensitive hypertension, superoxide production and renal damage are increased, antioxidant capacity is decreased, and antioxidant therapy can be helpful.

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“…Oxidative stress is a known feature of chronic renal failure (CRF), and its presence is evidenced by the reported elevation of lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, depressed antioxidant capacity, and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in the plasma and erythrocytes of CRF patients and animals. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Increased ROS activity results in the nonenzymatic production of reactive carbonyl compounds and lipoperoxides which, in turn, react with and modify structural and functional proteins leading to formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALE). 8,9 Accumulation of these products is thought to contribute to the cardiovascular and other complications of CRF.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced Nitric Oxide Inactivation and Protein Nitration by Reactive Oxygen Species in Renal Insufficiency

et al. 2002

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Abstract-Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with oxidative stress which promotes production of reactive carbonyl compounds and lipoperoxides leading to the accumulation of advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) avidly reacts with nitric oxide (NO) producing cytotoxic reactive nitrogen species capable of nitrating proteins and damaging other molecules. This study tested the hypothesis that CRF results in enhanced ROS-mediated NO inactivation and protein nitration which can be ameliorated with antioxidant therapy. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to CRF (5/6 nephrectomy) and sham-operated controls and fed either a regular diet (vitamin E, 40 U/Kg food) or an antioxidant-fortified diet (vitamin E, 5000 U/Kg food) for 6 weeks. Blood pressure, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), tissue NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, tissue nitrotyrosine (the footprint of NO interaction with ROS), and vascular tissue NO production were determined. CRF resulted in marked elevations of blood pressure, plasma MDA, and tissue nitrotyrosine abundance, but did not change plasma L-arginine level. This was coupled with depressed vascular tissue NO production and reduced immunodetectable NOS proteins in the vascular, renal, and cardiac tissues. Antioxidant therapy ameliorated the CRF-induced hypertension, improved vascular tissue NO production, lowered tissue nitrotyrosine burden, and reversed downregulations of NOS isoforms. In contrast, antioxidant therapy had no effects in the controls. CRF is associated with oxidative stress which promotes NO inactivation by ROS leading to functional NO deficiency, hypertension, and widespread accumulation of protein nitration products. Amelioration of oxidative stress by high-dose vitamin E enhances NO availability, improves hypertension, lowers protein nitration products, and increases NOS expression and vascular NO production in CRF animals. Key Words: uremia Ⅲ nitric oxide synthase Ⅲ hypertension, renal Ⅲ oxidative stress Ⅲ oxygen O xidative stress occurs when generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the natural antioxidant capacity of the organism. In the presence of oxidative stress, uncontained ROS attack, denature, or modify lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, DNA, and other molecules. Oxidative stress is a known feature of chronic renal failure (CRF), and its presence is evidenced by the reported elevation of lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, depressed antioxidant capacity, and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in the plasma and erythrocytes of CRF patients and animals. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Increased ROS activity results in the nonenzymatic production of reactive carbonyl compounds and lipoperoxides which, in turn, react with and modify structural and functional proteins leading to formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALE). 8,9 Accumulation of these products is thought to contribute to the cardiovascular and other complications of CRF. The present study extends the prev...

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Erythrocyte defense mechanisms against free oxygen radicals in haemodialysed uraemic children

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Hibiscus SabdariffaLinnaeus Aqueous Extracts Attenuate the Progression of Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats

Hibiscus SabdariffaLinnaeus Aqueous Extracts Attenuate the Progression of Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Treatment in Hypertension and the Associated Renal Damage

Enhanced Nitric Oxide Inactivation and Protein Nitration by Reactive Oxygen Species in Renal Insufficiency

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