Erythrocyte Catalase Activity in More Frequent Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia: Beta-Thalassemia Trait and Iron Deficiency Anemia

Abstract

Most common microcytic hypochromic anemias are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and β-thalassemia trait (BTT), in which oxidative stress (OxS) has an essential role. Catalase causes detoxification of H2O2 in cells, and it is an indispensable antioxidant enzyme. The study was designed to measure erythrocyte catalase activity (ECAT) in patients with IDA (10) or BTT (21), to relate it with thalassemia mutation type (β 0 or β +) and to compare it with normal subjects (67). Ninety-eight individuals were analyzed since September 2013 to June 2014 in Tucumán, Argentina. Total blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH, HbA2, catalase, and iron status were performed. β-thalassemic mutations were determined by real-time PCR. Normal range for ECAT was 70,0–130,0 MU/L. ECAT was increased in 14% (3/21) of BTT subjects and decreased in 40% (4/10) of those with IDA. No significant difference (p = 0,245) was shown between normal and BTT groups, while between IDA and normal groups the difference was proved to be significant (p = 0,000). In β 0 and β + groups, no significant difference (p = 0,359) was observed. An altered ECAT was detected in IDA and BTT. These results will help to clarify how the catalase activity works in these anemia types.

Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease, the Impact of Anaemia

“…Endogenous antioxidant proteins such as catalase and peroxidase are iron-containing enzymes whose expression is affected in iron deficiency anaemia [74]. Iron deficiency adversely affects selenium concentration [75], which may explain the reduction in activity of the selenium-dependent enzyme GPx [76]. This evidence supports the argument that oxidative stress in iron deficiency anaemia is partly mediated via the reduction of antioxidant capacity [77] and suggests that timely iron replacement (via intravenous (IV) infusion rather than oral) and antioxidant therapies in clinical setting could lead to improvement.…”

The Effects Comparisons of Sauropus androgynous, Moringa oleiefera alone and in combination on iron deficiency in anemia rats

“…Hypoxia leads to oxidative stress. In iron deficiency anemia the concentration of SOD, CAT and GPx antioxidant enzymes are decreased 17,26,27 . Hypoxia and decreased concentrations of antioxidant enzymes play a role in lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in erythrocytes.…”

Foxo3 gene expression and oxidative status in beta-thalassemia minor subjects

“…All of them showed an increase in oxidative stress and an alteration in antioxidant capacity in β-thalassemia heterozygotes. We recently reported that catalase activity, a key enzyme of the antioxidant system, was increased in only 14% of BTM subjects, with no significant differences between β-thalassemia mutations 16 . In order to sharpen the results, the ECAT/Hb ratio was calculated, which was significantly higher in BTM individuals.…”

“…We recently reported that catalase activity, a key enzyme of the antioxidant system, was increased in only 14% of BTM subjects, with no significant differences between β-thalassemia mutations. 16 In order to sharpen the results, the ECAT/Hb ratio was calculated, which was significantly higher in BTM individuals. In the Healthy group, the level of this ratio was similar to that obtained by Vitai and Góth.…”

“…Thus, the catalase activity of blood is practically all attributable to RBCs 15 . Erythrocyte catalase activity (ECAT) was analyzed in K 2 -EDTA anticoagulated whole blood using the Góth technique with minor modifications to calculate the results 16 . The ECAT to blood hemoglobin ratio (ECAT/Hb) was calculated.…”