Erythematous candidiasis leading to systemic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus co-infection with secondary syphilis: A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma

Suvirya, Swastika; Gandhi, Rahul; Agarwal, Jyotsana; Patil, Ranjitkumar

doi:10.4103/1305-7456.163219

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Candida glabrata species is known as the most common cause of infection after Candida albicans which is seen in about 31-55% of healthy people. These microorganisms can become pathogens with weakening the immune system [4], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The The Effects of Cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamon Derivatives) and Nystatin on Candida Albicans and Candida Glabrata

Bakhtiari¹,

Jafari²,

Taheri³

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Candida species are the most common opportunistic fungal infections. Today, cinnamon plants have been considered for anti-Candida properties. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cinnamaldehyde extract (from cinnamon derivatives) on Candida albicans and Candida glabrata species and comparison with nystatin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, cinnamaldehyde and nystatin were used. The specimens included Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were measured for each one by the microdilution method. This experiment was repeated three times. RESULTS: Cinnamaldehyde extract at a concentration of 62.5 μl/ml was able to prevent the growth of Candida albicans, at a concentration of 93.7 μl/ml, causing Candida albicans to disappear, at 48.8 μl/ml, to prevent the growth of Candida glabrata, and in the concentration of 62.5 μl/ml, causes the loss of Candida glabrata. In comparison, nystatin at 0.5 μg/ml concentration prevented the growth of Candida albicans, at concentrations of 1 μg/ml causing Candida albicans to be destroyed, at 4 μg/ml concentration to prevent the growth of Candida glabrata, and at a concentration of 8 μg/ml causes the loss of Candida glabrata. The results were the same every three times. CONCLUSIONS: Although cinnamaldehyde extract had an effect on fungal growth in both Candida albicans and Candida glabrata with a fatal effect; the effect on these two species was lower than nystatin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The The Effects of Cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamon Derivatives) and Nystatin on Candida Albicans and Candida Glabrata

Bakhtiari¹,

Jafari²,

Taheri³

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Our patient complained of a burning mouth and dysgeusia that progressed to glossodynia. A burning mouth is occasionally reported as the first presentation of syphilis [ 39 , 40 ]. Pain is also commonly associated with oral lesions of secondary syphilis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Syphilis Presenting as Glossodynia, Plaques en Prairie Fauchée, and a Split Papule at the Oral Commissure: Case Report and Review

Eyer-Silva

Freire²,

Horta-Araujo³

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Medicine

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Syphilis has been coined “the great imitator” due to its extreme heterogeneity of presentation and mimicry of other conditions. Therefore, it is essential that physicians be familiar with the full spectrum of its manifestations. Syphilis may also lead to oral lesions that, occasionally, are unaccompanied by concomitant tegumentary findings. Such patients will pose unique diagnostic challenges. We report the case of a 45-year-old HIV-infected male patient in whom secondary syphilis presented with burning mouth and dysgeusia that progressed to glossodynia and odynophagia. Examination revealed painful, shallow erosions on the posterior aspect of the tongue, in a pattern of plaques en prairie fauchée. A painful split papule (fausse perlèche or false angular cheilitis) was also present in the left commissure. There were no cutaneous lesions. The oral lesions were considered highly suggestive of secondary syphilis. A novel VDRL assay (which was previously negative) yielded a titer of 1/128. Complete clinical remission was rapidly achieved after initiation of penicillin therapy. A comprehensive review of the literature on oral manifestations of syphilis is offered.

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“…Due to the easily accessible locale in the oral cavity, examination of the tongue can give valuable diagnostic information since both local as well as systemic diseases or syndromes can have manifestations in the tongue. 3 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multicenter Study of Tongue Lesions from Thailand

et al. 2020

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Objective Tongue lesions constitute a considerable proportion of the oral lesions. Previous studies on tongue lesions were based on clinical studies. There has been a scarcity of the studies which are based on histopathological examination. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, demographic, and pathologic features of tongue lesions from Thailand. Materials and Methods Biopsy records of the participating institutions were reviewed for lesions on the tongue diagnosed during 1998 to 2017. Demographic data were collected from the biopsy records. Locations were arbitrarily classified as dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces, tip of the tongue, and the combination of sites. Lesions of the tongue were classified as reactive/inflammatory, developmental, immune-mediated, cystic, benign, premalignant, malignant, infectious, and miscellaneous categories.Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS version 20.0. Results Of the 44,188 accessioned cases, 2,153 cases (4.87%) were diagnosed from the tongue. The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 93 years with the mean ± standard deviation = 45.26 ± 20.48 years. The female-to-male ratio was 1.49:1. The majority of the tongue lesions were encountered at the lateral border of the tongue (47.66%). Most of the tongue lesions in the present study (53.74%) fell into the reactive/inflammatory category. Irritation fibroma was the most prevalent lesion (18.99%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (16.91%), and mucus extravasation phenomenon (14.26%), respectively. Conclusions This study offers new perspective into the study of tongue lesions apart from the clinically based studies. It also demonstrates the difference between the pediatric and the elderly patients. This study provides invaluable database for clinicians when formulating the clinical diagnosis of tongue lesions.

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Erythematous candidiasis leading to systemic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus co-infection with secondary syphilis: A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The The Effects of Cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamon Derivatives) and Nystatin on Candida Albicans and Candida Glabrata

The The Effects of Cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamon Derivatives) and Nystatin on Candida Albicans and Candida Glabrata

Secondary Syphilis Presenting as Glossodynia, Plaques en Prairie Fauchée, and a Split Papule at the Oral Commissure: Case Report and Review

A Multicenter Study of Tongue Lesions from Thailand

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