Erythema multiforme following pneumococcal vaccination

Simultaneous Development of Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome and Erythema Multiforme Following Second Dose of Measles-rubella Vaccine

“…Although other triggers of GCS and/or EM occurring shortly, but coincidentally, after the vaccination cannot be definitely excluded, measles-rubella vaccination seems reasonable to consider as the causative factor for the 2 skin diseases, in view of the temporal sequence of events and the absence of any other apparent precipitants. Although both GCS and EM are known to be able to be triggered by various vaccines ( 4 – 12 ), including measles-mumps-rubella vaccine ( 6 , 10 ), this case represents the first description of simultaneous development of both GCS and EM after a single dose of this vaccine.…”

“…In the present case, neither of the 2 cutaneous diseases, GCS and EM, had developed after the first dose of measles-rubella vaccine, but they developed following the second dose of the same vaccine. To date, most cases of vaccine-induced cutaneous diseases have occurred at the first-dose vaccinations ( 6 – 10 , 12 ), although several case reports have described patients who developed these diseases after the second-dose vaccinations ( 11 , 14 , 15 ). A possible explanation for the phenomenon that GCS and EM occurred at the second, but not the first, dose of vaccine in the present case is that both GCS and EM developed as a result of allergic reactions to vaccine components (e.g., adjuvants, stabilizers, and preservatives) that required sensitization by the first dose of vaccination.…”

“…Both GCS ( 6 – 9 ) and EM ( 4 , 5 , 10 – 12 ) can be triggered by various vaccinations, although the incidence is very low. We report here, to our knowledge, a first case in which skin lesions of GCS and EM have developed simultaneously after a single vaccine.…”

Case Report: Erythema Multiforme Induced by Lithium Contact

“…EM lesions usually distribute peripherally, sometimes accompanied by oral or genital mucosal erosion. There are numerous causes of EM including infections, drugs, malignancy and cases of diverse etiologies such as immunotherapy, vaccination, topical agent have also been reported recently 1 2 3 . Among these factors, infection accounts for approximately 90% of cases, and the most common agent is herpes simplex virus (HSV) and mycoplasma pneumoniae.…”

Golimumab-associated persistent erythema multiforme in a patient with ulcerative colitis in full remission

“…Although the pathogenetic mechanisms of EM are far from being clearly understood, it is believed that this disorder represents a hypersensitivity reaction to infections, drugs, vaccines, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, radiation, and menstruation (Box 1), [1,2,5,6].…”