Erysothrine, an alkaloid extracted from flowers of Erythrina mulungu Mart. ex Benth: Evaluating its anticonvulsant and anxiolytic potential

Rosa, Daiane Santos; Faggion, Silmara Aparecida; Gavin, Amanda Salomão; Souza, Maicon Anderson de; Fachim, Helene; Santos, Wagner Ferreira dos; Pereira, Ana Maria Soares; Cunha, Alexandra Olímpio Siqueira; Beleboni, Renê Oliveira

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.01.003

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Santos Rosa and collaborators [10] recently isolated erysotrine from the flowers of E. mulungu and demonstrated a marked anticonvulsant and a limited anxiolytic-like effect of this alkaloid (i.c.v.) in rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aqueous alcoholic extracts of E. mulungu produce anxiolytic-like effects in rats submitted to elevated T-maze and light/dark transition tests [3], [4], as well as antinociceptive and anticonvulsant effects in mice [5], [6], raising interest in the discovery of neuroactive compounds in the plant. Three previously known and one novel erythrinian alkaloid recently isolated from the flowers of E. mulungu reproduced some of the CNS effects of the polar extracts [7]–[10]. In particular, oral administration of (+)-erythravine and (+)-11α-hydroxyerythravine induced anxiolytic-like effects comparable to that of diazepam in mice, while (+)-11α-hydroxyerysotrine was only effective in some tests [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Erythrina mulungu Alkaloids Are Potent Inhibitors of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Currents in Mammalian Cells

et al. 2013

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Crude extracts and three isolated alkaloids from Erythrina mulungu plants have shown anxiolytic effects in different animal models. We investigated whether these alkaloids could affect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and if they are selective for different central nervous system (CNS) subtypes. Screening experiments were performed using a single concentration of the alkaloid co-applied with acetylcholine in whole cell patch-clamp recordings in three different cell models: (i) PC12 cells natively expressing α3* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; (ii) cultured hippocampal neurons natively expressing α7* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; and (iii) HEK 293 cells heterologoulsy expressing α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. For all three receptors, the percent inhibition of acetylcholine-activated currents by (+)-11á-hydroxyerysotrine was the lowest, whereas (+)-erythravine and (+)-11á-hydroxyerythravine inhibited the currents to a greater extent. For the latter two substances, we obtained concentration-response curves with a pre-application protocol for the α7* and α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The IC50 obtained with (+)-erythravine and (+)-11á-hydroxyerythravine were 6 µM and 5 µM for the α7* receptors, and 13 nM and 4 nM for the α4β2 receptors, respectively. Our data suggest that these Erythrina alkaloids may exert their behavioral effects through inhibition of CNS nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, particularly the α4β2 subtype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Erythrina mulungu Alkaloids Are Potent Inhibitors of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Currents in Mammalian Cells

et al. 2013

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“…It is widely distributed in south and southeastern Brazil, north Argentine and Paraguay, south Bolivia and Peru [4]. Erythrina species are known to produce alkaloids [5–9], terpenes [10] and flavonoids [7, 8, 10–15], and their stem bark and leaves are commonly used to make teas (infusion or decoction) that are believed that to exhibit tranquilizing and anti-anxiety properties [16, 17]. Based on their common use in folk medicine, most research on the genus has involved isolating and characterizing their alkaloid constituents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavones from Erythrina falcata are modulators of fear memory

Oliveira

Zamberlam

Gaiardo

et al. 2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundFlavonoids, which have been identified in a variety of plants, have been demonstrated to elicit beneficial effects on memory. Some studies have reported that flavonoids derived from Erythrina plants can provide such beneficial effects on memory. The aim of this study was to identify the flavonoids present in the stem bark crude extract of Erythrina falcata (CE) and to perform a bioactivity-guided study on conditioned fear memory.MethodsThe secondary metabolites of CE were identified by high performance liquid chromatography combined with a diode array detector, electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The buthanolic fraction (BuF) was obtained by partitioning. Subfractions from BuF (BuF1 – BuF6) and fraction flavonoidic (FfA and FfB) were obtained by flash chromatography. The BuF3 and BuF4 fractions were used for the isolation of flavonoids, which was performed using HPLC-PAD. The isolated substances were quantified by HPLC-DAD and their structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The activities of CE and the subfractions were monitored using a one-trial, step-down inhibitory avoidance (IA) task to identify the effects of these substances on the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear in rats.ResultsSix subclasses of flavonoids were identified for the first time in CE. According to our behavioral data, CE, BuF, BuF3 and BuF4, the flavonoidic fractions, vitexin, isovitexin and 6-C-glycoside-diosmetin improved the acquisition of fear memory. Rats treated with BuF, BuF3 and BuF4 were particularly resistant to extinction. Nevertheless, rats treated with FfA and FfB, vitexin, isovitexin and 6-C-glycoside-diosmetin exhibited gradual reduction in conditioned fear response during the extinction retest session, which was measured at 48 to 480 h after conditioning.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that vitexin, isovitexin and diosmetin-6-C-glucoside and flavonoidic fractions resulted in a significant retention of fear memory but did not prevent the extinction of fear memory. These results further substantiate that the treatment with pure flavonoids or flavanoid-rich fractions might represent potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders, improvement of memory acquisition and spontaneous recovery of fear.

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“…Erysotrine ( 26 ), isolated from E. verna (syn. E. mulungu ) flowers, showed mild anxiolytic activity (Santos Rosa et al, ). In the EPM test, erysotrine ( 26 ; 0.5 to 3 μg/μl, icv) increased the number of entries in the maze's open arms, although the alkaloid did not produce changes in the time spent in the open arms and did not show alterations in the light–dark choice or in the open‐field tests.…”

Section: Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intracerebroventricular microinjection of erysotrine ( 26 ), in concentrations of 2 and 3 μg/μl, inhibited seizures in 20% and 100% of animals (bicuculline), 40% and 100% of animals (PTZ), and 60% and 100% of animals (NMDA), respectively. For kainic acid, the seizures were blocked in 40% and 100% of animals at the lower doses of erysotrine ( 26 ), 0.25 and 0.5 μg/μl, respectively (Santos Rosa et al, ).…”

Section: Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Erythrina L.: A review on its alkaloids, preclinical, and clinical studies

Rambo

Biegelmeyer

Toson

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Erythrina L. genus (Fabaceae) comprises about 115 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of its alkaloids, which have pharmacological properties. References demonstrated that Erythrina spp. have a potential to act in the central nervous system, presenting anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties already established. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of tetracyclic alkaloids as the major compounds. However, other alkaloid classes have also been reported, including dimeric and trimeric substances, coupled through direct polymerization or two erythrinine units via an acetyl glucose. The present review covers the relevant literature from 1990 until 2017 and outlines the current data on chemical composition and preclinical and clinical studies on Erythrina species. Additionally, the quite striking analogy in the biosynthetic route of erythrin, morphinans, and Amaryllidaceae family alkaloids was also discussed.

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Erysothrine, an alkaloid extracted from flowers of Erythrina mulungu Mart. ex Benth: Evaluating its anticonvulsant and anxiolytic potential

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Erythrina mulungu Alkaloids Are Potent Inhibitors of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Currents in Mammalian Cells

Erythrina mulungu Alkaloids Are Potent Inhibitors of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Currents in Mammalian Cells

Flavones from Erythrina falcata are modulators of fear memory

The genus Erythrina L.: A review on its alkaloids, preclinical, and clinical studies

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