The genus Erythrina L.: A review on its alkaloids, preclinical, and clinical studies

Abstract

Erythrina L. genus (Fabaceae) comprises about 115 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of its alkaloids, which have pharmacological properties. References demonstrated that Erythrina spp. have a potential to act in the central nervous system, presenting anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties already established. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of tetracyclic alkaloids as the major compounds. However, other alkaloid classes have also been reported, including dimeric and trimeric substances, coupled through direct polymerization or two erythrinine units via an acetyl glucose. The present review covers the relevant literature from 1990 until 2017 and outlines the current data on chemical composition and preclinical and clinical studies on Erythrina species. Additionally, the quite striking analogy in the biosynthetic route of erythrin, morphinans, and Amaryllidaceae family alkaloids was also discussed.

Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytoconstituents, Bioactivities, and Toxicities of Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC. (Fabaceae): A Systematic Review

“…Spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectrometry (MS), ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry, one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D-NMR) spectroscopy, and its complementary techniques (heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectroscopy, heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) spectroscopy, nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy) have been used to elucidate chemical structures of the isolated compounds [130]. Chromatography-spectroscopy hyphenated techniques have become more commonly used in recent decades due to the increased efficiency, sensitivity, and detection limits [1]. ese include LC-MS, GC-MS, UPLC-MS, HPTLC-UV, HPLC-photodiode array detection, LC- Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine [130].…”

“…In the present study, we retrieved thirteen alkaloids (1-12 and 95) that have been isolated from E. abyssinica (Table 4, Figure 5). e Erythrina alkaloids have a tetracyclic carbon skeleton with three rings (A, B, and C) common to all the alkaloids and the fourth ring (D) which varies among the different alkaloids [1,152]. Lactonic alkaloids contain ring D as an unsaturated δ-lactone, dienoid alkaloids possess a benzenoid ring D (with two double bonds at C-1 and C-2, and C-6 and C-7), and alkenoid alkaloid possess a benzenoid ring D with a double bond between C-1 and C-6.…”

“…ex DC. (Fabaceae) is an important medicinal plant as evidenced by the existence of its names in various local languages and high frequency of citation in ethnobotanical surveys [1][2][3][4]. e genus Erythrina derives from the Greek word "erythros," translated to mean red (a reflection of the showy red flowers of its various species).…”

Edible Leafy Plants from Mexico as Sources of Antioxidant Compounds, and Their Nutritional, Nutraceutical and Antimicrobial Potential: A Review

“…Additionally, tannins have been identified in Portulaca oleracea [ 51 ], Chenopodium nuttalliae [ 43 , 44 , 53 ], Brassica rapa [ 61 ], Amaranthus hybridus [ 55 ] and Amaranthus cruentus [ 41 ]. In addition, Barrón-Yánez et al [ 43 ] detected the presence of saponins in Chenopodium nuttalliae , and Ibarra-Estrada et al [ 63 ] identified erisovine and erisodine alkaloids in Erythrina Americana [ 64 ]. In Begonia nelumbiifolia , Villa-Ruano et al [ 60 ] evaluated the content of oxalic acid and ascorbic acid, and in Chenopodium berlandieri , Lazo-Vélez et al [ 65 ] identified triterpenoid saponins.…”

Erythrina suberosa: Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities

“…and pharmacological properties. Many other works have analyzed the properties and effects of the Erythrina genus and we suggest that the reader examine subsequent pivotal reviews [6,7].…”