Error Model in Single-Board Computer-Based Phasor Measurement Units

Carducci, Carlo Guarnieri Calò; Lipari, Gianluca; Giaquinto, Nicola; Ponci, Ferdinanda; Monti, Antonello

doi:10.1109/tim.2020.2967245

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Due to their features, SBCs have been adopted in several embedded systems applications [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]. In [13] popular platforms based on cost, processing capacity, integrated processing technology, open source license, power consumption, reliability, programming flexibility, availability of support and electronic utilities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A SBC-Based Data Acquisition System: A Case Study on Smart Reclosers and Multiagent Systems

et al. 2023

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Efficiently handling faults and analyzing signals in power distribution systems is a persistent challenge. Previous studies proposed using smart devices, but most evaluations considered simulated environments. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to address signal acquisition and processing using a single board computer (SBC) to provide more local computational capabilities to reclosers. This paper addresses the challenge of using multiple software programs to digitize signals, monitor faults, and communicate with other reclosers for fault handling. We show the high-level software on the SBC can meet the requirements of the data acquisition system and provide high computational power for various local data processing tasks. The proposed hardware enables real-time signal acquisition with low latency and a reduced probability of sample loss, which is vital for accurate signal detection and analysis. We evaluate our approach in an in-house embedded system with communication capabilities, taking into account the multi-agent approach for handling faults in power distribution systems. Our results demonstrate the proposed system provides signals to the application without sample loss. Regarding noise levels, we measured error lower than 1%, and harmonic distortions smaller than 5% of the 50/60 Hz waveform, indicating minimal circuitry impact. We measured latencies around a few microseconds, which is crucial for fault detection. Finally, we present an evaluation setup that demonstrates an efficient process for restoring energy service in power distribution systems. Therefore, the proposed hardware shows promising performance for smart reclosers and other real-time data acquisition systems that require intensive local computations.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A SBC-Based Data Acquisition System: A Case Study on Smart Reclosers and Multiagent Systems

et al. 2023

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“…The growing penetration of distributed energy sources is introducing new paradigms into the distribution network. The challenges that arise are the two-way flow of power and energy, faster frequency variations, reduced network inertia, large power fluctuations that cause additional dynamics [1][2][3]. All this and more presents great difficulties in protecting and managing the system [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another group is based on a system-on-chip (SoC) solution with embedded FPGA encompassing low-cost development boards based on one side [20][21][22] and a high-performance NI-cRIO FPGA platform on the other side [23][24][25]. According to [3,21,26], the two most common SoC platforms for OpenPMU projects are BeagleBone Black (BBB) and Rasberry-Pi. They are generally used for rapid hardware-in-the-loop prototyping, i.e., proof-of-concept developments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today's development of low-cost PMU devices, which is taking place in different directions, necessarily implies the need for simpler and cheaper custom-made test platforms. It should be pointed out that in [3,17,40], authors use an emulated GPS signal for low-cost PMU testing purposes. However, more realistic test platforms are necessary for research and validation of new algorithms as well as for comparison of various algorithms used to determine syncrophasors [24,25,[41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Low-Cost Test Platform for Performance Analysis of Phasor Measurement Units

Kunac,

Petrović,

Despalatović

et al. 2024

Electronics

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In this paper, a customizable low-cost voltage waveform generator based on a real-time desktop PC and embedded data acquisition card synchronized with Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is presented. A software approach to phase-locked loop synchronization with an external Global Positioning System (GPS) pulse signal is utilized to achieve a time uncertainty of ±1μs. This avoids expensive hardware modules for synchronization and timing purposes, which are commonly presented in literature. Besides the application for controlling the test platform, our own phasor data concentrator (PDC) application is running concurrently on the host PC. The latter is used for collecting and comparing the syncrophasor data from the test platform against the syncrophasor data measured by phasor measurement units (PMUs) under the test. The paper describes all procedures for generating reference test signals. Numerous case studies were performed, and experimental results for steady-state compliance as well as frequency ramp and phase modulation tests for dynamic compliance are presented in detail. All tests confirm that customizable test platform meets the requirements of IEEE/IEC standards. Compared to other calibrators, the cost as well as the specifications and point-by-point concept of data processing makes the described test platform suitable for performance analysis of PMU algorithms implemented on various development boards.

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