“…If the other detection schemes require the labelling of the target DNA with a fluorophore, the EIS detection is a label-free tool and, thus, possesses advantages of low cost, simplicity, and ease of miniaturization [15]. These advantages represent the main reasons for employing the electrochemical impedance and consequently for developing the capacitance biosensors to study also cell growth [16], protein binding at surfaces [17], or antibody-antigen binding [18]. Finding a substrate with high sensitivity and selectivity are important for gaining all the advantages of this electrochemical simple tool, and the use of nanomaterials represents an alternative [19], the first choice being the increase of the sensor surface area, electrical conductivity and connectivity.…”