Erratum to “Free-standing intrinsically conducting polymer membranes based on cellulose and poly(vinylidene fluoride) for energy storage applications” [Eur. Polym. J. 144 (2021) 110240]

A facile fabrication of zinc oxide‐doped carbon aerogel by cellulose extracted from coconut peat and sodium alginate for energy storage application

“…As can be observed in Figure 4a, a notable decrease in the impedance of ZCA with a rise in cellulose dose from ZCA‐1 to ZCA‐4 was corroborated by a reduction in semicircle size and deeper slope of the straight line, which shows an efficacious charge transfer process of the ZCA‐4 compared to others, facilitating its photocatalytic properties. This phenomenon elucidates an appropriate arrangement of cellulose fibers in ZCA‐4, along with the studied remarkably porous structure, which has effectively promoted the interaction of charge carriers on its surface, eventually enhancing ionic mobility 29,30 . Conversely, an excessive amount of cellulose in the ZCA‐5 results in a higher impedance than that of its preceding ZCA‐4, which can be assigned to an overly‐dense distribution of cellulose fibers in the network, hindering the contact of ions over the surface and thereby decreasing the electric capability of the material.…”

“…Accordingly, after being treated through alkalization and acid hydrolysis processes, the cellulose fibers were also separated gradually, became thinner, and created a lot of narrow gaps between them, along with a few visible impurities. This can be explained by passing through two treatment processes, hydroxyl (OH) functional groups have been attached to the surface of the cellulose fibers, increasing the hydrophilicity, making them easy to separate, and reducing roughness on the fiber surface 30 . Moreover, a few scattered particles can be seen on the surface of the cellulose fibers, possibly due to the incomplete neutralization of bases and acids.…”

“…This can be explained by passing through two treatment processes, hydroxyl (ÀOH) functional groups have been attached to the surface of the cellulose fibers, increasing the hydrophilicity, making them easy to separate, and reducing roughness on the fiber surface. 30 Moreover, a few scattered particles can be seen on the surface of the cellulose fibers, possibly due to the incomplete neutralization of bases and acids. Meanwhile, for the ZCA samples, the cellulose fibers became thinner after pyrolysis and formed corrugated sheets (Figure 3b-f).…”

“…This phenomenon elucidates an appropriate arrangement of cellulose fibers in ZCA-4, along with the studied remarkably porous structure, which has effectively promoted the interaction of charge carriers on its surface, eventually enhancing ionic mobility. 29,30 Conversely, an excessive amount of cellulose in the ZCA-5 results in a higher impedance than that of its preceding ZCA-4, which can be assigned to an overly-dense distribution of cellulose fibers in the network, hindering the contact of ions over the surface and thereby decreasing the electric capability of the material. Moreover, the predominant carbonaceous content also significantly attenuates the accessibility of the reactants to the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles, consequently obstructing the charge transfer via redox interactions.…”

Flexible Polymer Hydrogels for Wearable Energy Storage Applications

“…As intrinsically conductive polymers, including PANI and PPy, shrink during the charge and discharge process, materials with hierarchical structures can be an option to address this issue in the design of wearable energy storage systems. [ 281 ] Moreover, additives with the potential to participate in a redox process can be used to improve the energy density of wearable energy storage systems based on polymer hydrogels as flexible electrolytes. [ 282 ] Finally, introducing the self‐healing properties to wearable energy storage systems can prevent the rupture of the electrode/electrolyte interface which occurs in flexible energy storage devices.…”